Surah Rahman ayat 17 Tafsir Quran 55:17

﴿رَبُّ الْمَشْرِقَيْنِ وَرَبُّ الْمَغْرِبَيْنِ﴾
[ الرحمن: 17]

55:17 [He is] Lord of the two sunrises and Lord of the two sunsets.

Lord of the two Easts the points of the winter sunrise and the summer sunrise and Lord of the two Wests likewise the two points of sunset.

It is He, Who ordained the two major cardinal eastern points and the two major western cardinal points and the points in between, where the sun rises and sets in winter and summer respectively, passing through recurrent cycles of successive events

The Creation of Humans and Jinns Allah mentions that He created mankind from clay, like that used in pottery, and created the Jinns from the tip of the flame of a smokeless fire.
This was said by Ad-Dahhak from Ibn `Abbas.
It was also said by `Ikrimah, Mujahid, Al-Hasan and Ibn Zayd.
Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas, "From the best part of the fire, from its smokeless flame." Imam Ahmad recorded that `A'ishah said that Allah's Messenger ﷺ said,
«خُلِقَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ نُورٍ، وَخُلِقَ الْجَانُّ مِنْ مَارِجٍ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَخُلِقَ آدَمُ مِمَّا وُصِفَ لَكُم»
( The angels were created from light, the Jinns from a smokeless flame of fire, and `Adam from what was described to you. ) Muslim also collected this Hadith.
Allah's statement: فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) was explained above. Allah is the Lord of the Two Easts and the Two Wests Allah said, رَبُّ الْمَشْرِقَيْنِ وَرَبُّ الْمَغْرِبَيْنِ ( (He is ) the Lord of the two easts and the Lord of the two wests.) meaning the sunrise of summer and winter and the sunset of summer and winter.
Allah said in another Ayah, فَلاَ أُقْسِمُ بِرَبِّ الْمَشَـرِقِ وَالْمَغَـرِبِ ( So, I swear by the Lord of all the points of sunrise and sunset in the east and the west. )( 70:40 ), referring to the different places from which the sun rises and then sets on people every day.
Allah said in another Ayah, رَّبُّ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ لاَ إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ فَاتَّخِذْهُ وَكِيلاً ( The Lord of the east and the west; none has the right to be worshipped but He.
So take Him alone as a trustee. )( 73:9 ), referring to the different places of sunrise and sunset and the benefits that this variation brings to the created, mankind and Jinns, فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) Allah created Different Types of Water Allah said, مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ يَلْتَقِيَانِ ( He has Maraja the two seas ), or let them loose, according to Ibn `Abbas.
Allah's statement, يَلْتَقِيَانِ ( meeting together. ) Ibn Zayd said, "He prevents them from meeting by the dividing barrier He placed between them to separate them." The two seas are the fresh and salty waters, the former coming from running rivers.
We discussed this topic in Surat Al-Furqan when explaining Allah's statement; وَهُوَ الَّذِى مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هَـذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَهَـذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخاً وَحِجْراً مَّحْجُوراً ( And it is He Who has let free the two seas: one palatable and sweet, and the other salty and bitter; and He has set a barrier and a complete partition between them. )( 25:53 ) Allah said, بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخٌ لاَّ يَبْغِيَانِ ( Between them is a barrier which none of them can transgress. ) meaning, He has placed a barrier of land between these two types of waters, so that they do not transgress upon each other, which would spoil the characteristics they were created with.
Allah said, يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمَا الُّلؤْلُؤُ وَالمَرْجَانُ ( Out of them both come out pearls and Al-Marjan.
) pearls are well-known.
As for Marjan they say it means small pearls.
Mujahid, Qatadah, Abu Ruzayn, Ad-Dahhak said it, and it has also been reported from `Ali.
It was also said that it means large, precious pearls, this was mentioned by Ibn Jarir from some of the Salaf.
Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from Ibn `Abbas who said, "When it rains, the oysters in the sea open their mouths.
What falls in them, the drops, turns into pearls." Its chain of narrators is Sahih.
Since this type of adornment is a favor from Allah to the people of earth, He reminded them of it, فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) Allah said, وَلَهُ الْجَوَارِ الْمُنشَئَاتُ ( And His are Al-Jawar Al-Munsha'at ), meaning the ships that float, فِى الْبَحْرِ ( in the seas ), Mujahid said, "Whatever ship hoists a sail, it is from Munsha'at, if it does not hoist a sail, it is not from the Munsha'at." Qatadah said, "Al-Munsha'at means created." Others said that it is Al-Munshi'at meaning, "launched." كَالاٌّعْلَـمِ ( like A`lam. ) This means, they are like mountains with their great size, and it also refers to the trade and commercial services they make possible, transporting cargo from one area to another and from one province to another.
Ships provide various benefits for people, including transporting different types of goods they need.
Therefore, فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) كُلُّ مَنْ عَلَيْهَا فَانٍ - وَيَبْقَى وَجْهُ رَبِّكَ ذُو الْجَلْـلِ وَالإِكْرَامِ فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

(55:17) Lord of the two easts and of the two wests is He. *17

[He is] Lord of the two sunrises meaning

*17) 'Both the Easts and both the Wests" may mean the two points of sunrise and the two points of sunset on the shortest day of winter and the longest day of summer as well as the easts and the wests of the two hemispheres of the earth.
On the shortest day of winter the sun rises and sets making a small acute angle: on the contrary, on the longest day of summer-it rises and sets making a wide obtuse angle.
Between them its points of rising and setting go on shifting every day, for which at another place in the Qur'an ( AI-Ma'arij: 40 ) the words Rabbul-mashariq wal-magharib have been used.
Likewise, at the time the sun rises in one hemisphere of the earth, it sets in the other hemisphere, thus producing two easts and two wests of the earth.
There arc several meanings of calling AIIah Lord of both the Easts and both the Wests.
Firstly, that it is by His Command that the system of the rising and setting of the sun and their changing pattern during the year is fimctioning.
Second, that AIIah alone is the Master and Ruler of the earth and the sun; had they their own separate lords, this regular system of the rising and setting of the sun on the earth could not have functioned and continued to function permanently.
Third, that the Master and Sustainer of both the Easts and both the Wests is One Allah alone; to Him belong the creations living between them.
He alone is nourishing them, and it is for their sustenance that He has established this wise system of the rising and setting of the sun on the earth.

 

The Creation of Humans and Jinns Allah mentions that He created mankind from clay, like that used in pottery, and created the Jinns from the tip of the flame of a smokeless fire.
This was said by Ad-Dahhak from Ibn `Abbas.
It was also said by `Ikrimah, Mujahid, Al-Hasan and Ibn Zayd.
Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas, "From the best part of the fire, from its smokeless flame." Imam Ahmad recorded that `A'ishah said that Allah's Messenger ﷺ said, «خُلِقَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ نُورٍ، وَخُلِقَ الْجَانُّ مِنْ مَارِجٍ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَخُلِقَ آدَمُ مِمَّا وُصِفَ لَكُم» ( The angels were created from light, the Jinns from a smokeless flame of fire, and `Adam from what was described to you. ) Muslim also collected this Hadith.
Allah's statement: فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) was explained above. Allah is the Lord of the Two Easts and the Two Wests Allah said, رَبُّ الْمَشْرِقَيْنِ وَرَبُّ الْمَغْرِبَيْنِ ( (He is ) the Lord of the two easts and the Lord of the two wests.) meaning the sunrise of summer and winter and the sunset of summer and winter.
Allah said in another Ayah, فَلاَ أُقْسِمُ بِرَبِّ الْمَشَـرِقِ وَالْمَغَـرِبِ ( So, I swear by the Lord of all the points of sunrise and sunset in the east and the west. )( 70:40 ), referring to the different places from which the sun rises and then sets on people every day.
Allah said in another Ayah, رَّبُّ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ لاَ إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ فَاتَّخِذْهُ وَكِيلاً ( The Lord of the east and the west; none has the right to be worshipped but He.
So take Him alone as a trustee. )( 73:9 ), referring to the different places of sunrise and sunset and the benefits that this variation brings to the created, mankind and Jinns, فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) Allah created Different Types of Water Allah said, مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ يَلْتَقِيَانِ ( He has Maraja the two seas ), or let them loose, according to Ibn `Abbas.
Allah's statement, يَلْتَقِيَانِ ( meeting together. ) Ibn Zayd said, "He prevents them from meeting by the dividing barrier He placed between them to separate them." The two seas are the fresh and salty waters, the former coming from running rivers.
We discussed this topic in Surat Al-Furqan when explaining Allah's statement; وَهُوَ الَّذِى مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هَـذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَهَـذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخاً وَحِجْراً مَّحْجُوراً ( And it is He Who has let free the two seas: one palatable and sweet, and the other salty and bitter; and He has set a barrier and a complete partition between them. )( 25:53 ) Allah said, بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخٌ لاَّ يَبْغِيَانِ ( Between them is a barrier which none of them can transgress. ) meaning, He has placed a barrier of land between these two types of waters, so that they do not transgress upon each other, which would spoil the characteristics they were created with.
Allah said, يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمَا الُّلؤْلُؤُ وَالمَرْجَانُ ( Out of them both come out pearls and Al-Marjan.
) pearls are well-known.
As for Marjan they say it means small pearls.
Mujahid, Qatadah, Abu Ruzayn, Ad-Dahhak said it, and it has also been reported from `Ali.
It was also said that it means large, precious pearls, this was mentioned by Ibn Jarir from some of the Salaf.
Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from Ibn `Abbas who said, "When it rains, the oysters in the sea open their mouths.
What falls in them, the drops, turns into pearls." Its chain of narrators is Sahih.
Since this type of adornment is a favor from Allah to the people of earth, He reminded them of it, فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) Allah said, وَلَهُ الْجَوَارِ الْمُنشَئَاتُ ( And His are Al-Jawar Al-Munsha'at ), meaning the ships that float, فِى الْبَحْرِ ( in the seas ), Mujahid said, "Whatever ship hoists a sail, it is from Munsha'at, if it does not hoist a sail, it is not from the Munsha'at." Qatadah said, "Al-Munsha'at means created." Others said that it is Al-Munshi'at meaning, "launched." كَالاٌّعْلَـمِ ( like A`lam. ) This means, they are like mountains with their great size, and it also refers to the trade and commercial services they make possible, transporting cargo from one area to another and from one province to another.
Ships provide various benefits for people, including transporting different types of goods they need.
Therefore, فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) كُلُّ مَنْ عَلَيْهَا فَانٍ - وَيَبْقَى وَجْهُ رَبِّكَ ذُو الْجَلْـلِ وَالإِكْرَامِ فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ

( Lord of the two Easts ) the East of winter and the East of summer, ( and Lord of the two Wests ) the West of winter and the West of summer! There are two Easts and two Wests. The East of winter and the East of summer have 180 phases just as the two Wests and the moon have 180 phases. It is also said that the Easts of summer and winter have 177 phases and the Wests of summer and winter as well as the moon have 177 phases. The sun rises throughout the year two days in the same phase and it also sets two days in the same phase.

(He is) the Lord of the two easts (places of sunrise during early summer and early winter) and the Lord of the two wests (places of sunset during early summer and early winter).

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