Surah Hajj ayat 19 Tafsir Quran 22:19

﴿۞ هَٰذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ ۖ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّن نَّارٍ يُصَبُّ مِن فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ﴾
[ الحج: 19]

22:19 These are two adversaries who have disputed over their Lord. But those who disbelieved will have cut out for them garments of fire. Poured upon their heads will be scalding water

These twain are two contenders that is the believers constitute one contending party and the five categories of disbelievers constitute the other contending party the term khasm ‘contender’ may be used to refer to one or many who contend concerning their Lord that is to say concerning His religion. As for those who disbelieve garments of fire will be cut out for them garments which they will wear — meaning that the Fire will encompass them — and boiling water will be poured over their heads hamīm is water that has reached an extreme temperature

There, you people have an intellectual acquirement to comprehend: two opponents who argued, one in favour and the other against Allah, their Creator. As for those invested with the ugly vesture of disbelief, their measures have been taken for fitting them with an exclusive attire; vesture made of fire, and on their heads, the seat of thought and imagination will be poured hot water bubbling over in agitation

The Reason for Revelation It was recorded in the Two Sahihs that Abu Dharr swore that this Ayah -- هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ ( These two opponents dispute with each other about their Lord; ) was revealed concerning Hamzah and his two companions, and `Utbah and his two companions, on the day of Badr when they came forward to engage in single combat.
This is the wording of Al-Bukhari in his Tafsir of this Ayah.
Then Al-Bukhari recorded that `Ali bin Abi Talib said, "I will be the first one to kneel down before the Most Merciful so that the dispute may be settled on the Day of Resurrection." Qays ( sub-narrator ) said, "Concerning them the Ayah was revealed: هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ ( These two opponents dispute with each other about their Lord; ) He ( Qays ) said, "They are the ones who came forward ( for single combat ) on the day of Badr: `Ali, Hamzah and `Ubaydah vs., Shaybah bin Rabi`ah, `Utbah bin Rabi`ah and Al-Walid bin `Utbah." This was reported only by Al-Bukhari.
Ibn Abi Najih reported that Mujahid commented on this Ayah, "Such as the disbeliever and the believer disputing about the Resurrection." According to one report Mujahid and `Ata' commented on this Ayah, "This refers to the believers and the disbelievers." The view of Mujahid and `Ata' that this refers to the disbelievers and the believers, includes all opinions, the story of Badr as well as the others.
For the believers want to support the religion of Allah, while the disbelievers want to extinguish the light of faith and to defeat the truth and cause falsehood to prevail.
This was the view favored by Ibn Jarir, and it is good. The Punishment of the Disbelievers فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّن نَّارِ ( then as for those who disbelieved, garments of fire will be cut out for them, ) meaning, pieces of fire will be prepared for them.
Sa`id bin Jubayr said: "Of copper, for it is the hottest of things when it is heated." n هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّن نَّارِ يُصَبُّ مِن فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ - يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِى بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ ( boiling water will be poured down over their heads.
With it will melt (or vanish away ) what is within their bellies, as well as ( their ) skins.) meaning, when the boiling water --which is water that has been heated to the ultimate degree- is poured down over their heads.
Ibn Jarir recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet said:
«إِنَّ الْحَمِيمَ لَيُصَبُّ عَلَى رُؤُوسِهِمْ فَيَنْفُذُ الْجُمْجُمَةَ حَتَّى يَخْلُصَ إِلَى جَوْفِهِ، فَيَسْلُتَ مَا فِي جَوْفِهِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ قَدَمَيْهِ، وَهُوَ الصِّهْرُ، ثُمَّ يُعَادُ كَمَا كَان»
( The boiling water will be poured over their heads and will penetrate their skulls until it reaches what is inside, and what is inside will melt until it reaches their feet.
This is the melting, then he will be restored to the state he was before. ) It was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, who said it is Hasan Sahih.
This was also recorded by Ibn Abi Hatim, who then recorded that `Abdullah bin As-Sariy said, "The angel will come to him, carrying the vessel with a pair of tongs because of its heat.
When he brings it near to his face, he will shy away from it.
He will raise a hammer that he is carrying and will strike his head with it, and his brains will spill out, then he will pour the brains back into his head.
This is what Allah says in the Ayah: يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِى بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ ( With it will melt what is within their bellies, as well as (their ) skins.)" وَلَهُمْ مَّقَامِعُ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ ( And for them are hooked rods of iron. ) Ibn `Abbas said, "They will be struck with them, and with each blow, a limb will be severed, and they will cry out for oblivion." كُلَّمَآ أَرَادُواْ أَن يَخْرُجُواْ مِنْهَا مِنْ غَمٍّ أُعِيدُواْ فِيهَا ( Every time they seek to get away therefrom, from anguish, they will be driven back therein, ) Al-A`mash reported from Abu Zibiyan that Salman said, "The fire of Hell is black and dark; its flames and coals do not glow or shine." Then he recited: كُلَّمَآ أَرَادُواْ أَن يَخْرُجُواْ مِنْهَا مِنْ غَمٍّ أُعِيدُواْ فِيهَا ( Every time they seek to get away therefrom, from anguish, they will be driven back therein, ) وَذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ الْحَرِيقِ ( "Taste the torment of burning!" ) This is like the Ayah: وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ ذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ النَّارِ الَّذِي كُنتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ ( and it will be said to them: "Taste you the torment of the Fire which you used to deny." ) 32:20.
The meaning is that they will be humiliated by words and actions.

(22:19) These are the two parties who have disputed about their Lord. *36 As regards those who have disbelieved, garments of fire have already been cut out for them ; *37 over their heads shall be poured boiling water,

These are two adversaries who have disputed meaning

*36) Here all the disputants about Allah have been divided into two main categories in spite of their large numbers:
( 1 ) Those who believe in the Message of the Prophets and adopt the righteous way of life.

( 2 ) Those who reject their Message and follow different ways of disbelief, though they may have countless differences and disputes among themselves.

*37) See v.
50 and E.N.
58 of Chapter XIV ( Ibrahim ) for explanation.

 

The Reason for Revelation It was recorded in the Two Sahihs that Abu Dharr swore that this Ayah -- هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ ( These two opponents dispute with each other about their Lord; ) was revealed concerning Hamzah and his two companions, and `Utbah and his two companions, on the day of Badr when they came forward to engage in single combat.
This is the wording of Al-Bukhari in his Tafsir of this Ayah.
Then Al-Bukhari recorded that `Ali bin Abi Talib said, "I will be the first one to kneel down before the Most Merciful so that the dispute may be settled on the Day of Resurrection." Qays ( sub-narrator ) said, "Concerning them the Ayah was revealed: هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ ( These two opponents dispute with each other about their Lord; ) He ( Qays ) said, "They are the ones who came forward ( for single combat ) on the day of Badr: `Ali, Hamzah and `Ubaydah vs., Shaybah bin Rabi`ah, `Utbah bin Rabi`ah and Al-Walid bin `Utbah." This was reported only by Al-Bukhari.
Ibn Abi Najih reported that Mujahid commented on this Ayah, "Such as the disbeliever and the believer disputing about the Resurrection." According to one report Mujahid and `Ata' commented on this Ayah, "This refers to the believers and the disbelievers." The view of Mujahid and `Ata' that this refers to the disbelievers and the believers, includes all opinions, the story of Badr as well as the others.
For the believers want to support the religion of Allah, while the disbelievers want to extinguish the light of faith and to defeat the truth and cause falsehood to prevail.
This was the view favored by Ibn Jarir, and it is good. The Punishment of the Disbelievers فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّن نَّارِ ( then as for those who disbelieved, garments of fire will be cut out for them, ) meaning, pieces of fire will be prepared for them.
Sa`id bin Jubayr said: "Of copper, for it is the hottest of things when it is heated." n هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّن نَّارِ يُصَبُّ مِن فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ - يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِى بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ ( boiling water will be poured down over their heads.
With it will melt (or vanish away ) what is within their bellies, as well as ( their ) skins.) meaning, when the boiling water --which is water that has been heated to the ultimate degree- is poured down over their heads.
Ibn Jarir recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet said: «إِنَّ الْحَمِيمَ لَيُصَبُّ عَلَى رُؤُوسِهِمْ فَيَنْفُذُ الْجُمْجُمَةَ حَتَّى يَخْلُصَ إِلَى جَوْفِهِ، فَيَسْلُتَ مَا فِي جَوْفِهِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ قَدَمَيْهِ، وَهُوَ الصِّهْرُ، ثُمَّ يُعَادُ كَمَا كَان» ( The boiling water will be poured over their heads and will penetrate their skulls until it reaches what is inside, and what is inside will melt until it reaches their feet.
This is the melting, then he will be restored to the state he was before. ) It was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, who said it is Hasan Sahih.
This was also recorded by Ibn Abi Hatim, who then recorded that `Abdullah bin As-Sariy said, "The angel will come to him, carrying the vessel with a pair of tongs because of its heat.
When he brings it near to his face, he will shy away from it.
He will raise a hammer that he is carrying and will strike his head with it, and his brains will spill out, then he will pour the brains back into his head.
This is what Allah says in the Ayah: يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِى بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ ( With it will melt what is within their bellies, as well as (their ) skins.)" وَلَهُمْ مَّقَامِعُ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ ( And for them are hooked rods of iron. ) Ibn `Abbas said, "They will be struck with them, and with each blow, a limb will be severed, and they will cry out for oblivion." كُلَّمَآ أَرَادُواْ أَن يَخْرُجُواْ مِنْهَا مِنْ غَمٍّ أُعِيدُواْ فِيهَا ( Every time they seek to get away therefrom, from anguish, they will be driven back therein, ) Al-A`mash reported from Abu Zibiyan that Salman said, "The fire of Hell is black and dark; its flames and coals do not glow or shine." Then he recited: كُلَّمَآ أَرَادُواْ أَن يَخْرُجُواْ مِنْهَا مِنْ غَمٍّ أُعِيدُواْ فِيهَا ( Every time they seek to get away therefrom, from anguish, they will be driven back therein, ) وَذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ الْحَرِيقِ ( "Taste the torment of burning!" ) This is like the Ayah: وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ ذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ النَّارِ الَّذِي كُنتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ ( and it will be said to them: "Taste you the torment of the Fire which you used to deny." ) 32:20.
The meaning is that they will be humiliated by words and actions.

( These twain ) these are the adherents of two religions among the Muslims, Jews and Christians ( are two opponents who contend concerning their Lord ) concerning he religion of their Lord; one of them saying: I have a better right to Allah and His religion. And so Allah judged between the two. Allah said: ( But as for those who disbelieve ) in Muhammad ( pbuh ) and in the Qur’an, i.e. the Jews and Christians ( garments of fire will be cut out for them; boiling fluid ) boiling water (will be poured down on their heads.

These two opponents (believers and disbelievers) dispute with each other about their Lord; then as for those who disbelieve, garments of fire will be cut out for them, boiling water will be poured down over their heads.

Page 334 English transliteration