Surah Jinn ayat 27 Tafsir Quran 72:27

﴿إِلَّا مَنِ ارْتَضَىٰ مِن رَّسُولٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْلُكُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ رَصَدًا﴾
[ الجن: 27]

72:27 Except whom He has approved of messengers, and indeed, He sends before each messenger and behind him observers

except to a messenger of whom He approves. Then in addition to disclosing to him what He will to disclose of it by way of making it a miracle for him He despatches He appoints and sends forth before him namely the Messenger and behind him watchers angels to preserve him until He has conveyed it to him as part of the entire revelation

Except to a Messenger whom He chooses and then He besets him on all sides with guardian angels to protect him and protect the Book with which He has put him in trust

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ does not know when the Hour will be Allah commands His Messenger to say to the people that he has no knowledge of when the Hour will be and he does not know whether its time is near or far. قُلْ إِنْ أَدْرِى أَقَرِيبٌ مَّا تُوعَدُونَ أَمْ يَجْعَلُ لَهُ رَبِّى أَمَداً ( Say: "I know not whether which you are promised is near or whether my Lord will appoint for it a distant term." ) meaning, a long period of time.
In this noble Ayah is an evidence that the Hadith that many of the ignorant people often circulate, which says that the Prophet will not remain under the earth more than one thousand years ( i.e., the Hour will be before that period ) is a baseless lie.
We have not seen it in any of the Books ( of Hadith ).
Verily, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about the time of the Hour and he would not respond.
When Jibril appeared to him in the form of a bedouin Arab, one of the questions he asked the Prophet was, "O Muhammad! Tell me about the Hour" So the Prophet replied,
«مَا الْمَسْؤُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِل»
( The one questioned about it knows no more than the questioner. ) On another occasion when a bedouin Arab called out to the Prophet in a loud voice saying, "O Muhammad! When will be the Hour" The Prophet said,
«وَيْحَكَ إِنَّهَا كَائِنَةٌ، فَمَا أَعْدَدْتَ لَهَا؟»
( Woe unto you.
Verily, it will occur so what have you prepared for it ) The man replied, "I have not prepared much for it of prayers and fasting, but I love Allah and His Messenger." The Prophet then replied,
«فَأَنْتَ مَعَ مَنْ أَحْبَبْت»
( Then you will be with whomever you love. ) Anas said, "The Muslims were not happier with anything like they were upon ( hearing ) this Hadith." Concerning Allah's statement, عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلاَ يُظْهِرُ عَلَى غَيْبِهِ أَحَداً إِلاَّ مَنِ ارْتَضَى مِن رَّسُولٍ ( The All-Knower of the Unseen, and He reveals to none His Unseen.
Except to a Messenger ) This is similar to Allah's statement, وَلاَ يُحِيطُونَ بِشَيْءٍ مِّنْ عِلْمِهِ إِلاَّ بِمَا شَآءَ ( And they will never compass any thing of His knowledge except that which He wills. ) ( 2:255 ) Similarly, Allah says here that He knows the unseen and the seen and that no one of His creation can attain any of His knowledge except that which Allah allows him to have.
Thus, Allah says, عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلاَ يُظْهِرُ عَلَى غَيْبِهِ أَحَداً إِلاَّ مَنِ ارْتَضَى مِن رَّسُولٍ ( The All-Knower of the Unseen, and He reveals to none His Unseen.
Except to a Messenger whom He has chosen, ) This includes the angelic Messenger and the human Messenger.
Then Allah says, فَإِنَّهُ يَسْلُكُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ رَصَداً ( and then He makes a band of watching guards to march before him and behind him. ) meaning, He particularly gives him additional guardian angels who protect him by the command of Allah and they accompany him with that which is with him of Allah's revelation.
Thus, Allah says, لِّيَعْلَمَ أَن قَدْ أَبْلَغُواْ رِسَـلَـتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَحَاطَ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ وَأَحْصَى كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَدَداً ( Till he knows that they have conveyed the Messages of their Lord.
And He surrounds all that which is with them, and He keeps count of all things. ) The pronoun `he' which is in His statement, لِيَعْلَمَ ( Till he knows ) refers to the Prophet .
Ibn Jarir recorded from Sa`id bin Jubayr that he said concerning the Ayah, عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلاَ يُظْهِرُ عَلَى غَيْبِهِ أَحَداً - إِلاَّ مَنِ ارْتَضَى مِن رَّسُولٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْلُكُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ رَصَداً ( The All-Knower of the Unseen, and He reveals to none His Unseen.
Except to a Messenger whom He has chosen, and then He makes a band of watching guards to march before him and behind him. ) "These are four guardians among the angels along with Jibril, لِيَعْلَمَ ( Till he knows ) This means Muhammad ﷺ, أَن قَدْ أَبْلَغُواْ رِسَـلَـتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَحَاطَ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ وَأَحْصَى كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَدَداً ( that they have conveyed the Messages of their Lord.
And He surrounds all that which is with them, and He keeps count of all things. )" This was recorded by Ibn Abi Hatim.
It has also been reported by Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi and Yazid bin Abi Habib.
`Abdur-Razzaq reported from Ma`mar, from Qatadah, لِّيَعْلَمَ أَن قَدْ أَبْلَغُواْ رِسَـلَـتِ رَبِّهِمْ ( Till he knows that they have conveyed the Messages of their Lord. ) "So that the Prophet of Allah would know that the Messengers had conveyed their Messages from Allah and that the angels have protected them and defended them." This has also been reported by Sa`id bin Abi `Arubah from Qatadah, and Ibn Jarir preferred this interpretation.
Al-Baghawi said, "Ya`qub recited it as, ( لِيُعْلَمَ ) ( in order to be known ) this means, so that the people may know that the Messengers had conveyed the Message." It also could carry the meaning that the pronoun refers to Allah ( i.e., So that He (Allah ) may know).
This opinion has been mentioned by Ibn Al-Jawzi in Zad Al-Masir.
The meaning of this is that He protects His Messengers through His angels so that they will be able to convey His Messages.
He protects what He reveals to them of revelation so that He will know that they have indeed conveyed the Messages of their Lord.
This is like His statement, وَمَا جَعَلْنَا الْقِبْلَةَ الَّتِى كُنتَ عَلَيْهَآ إِلاَّ لِنَعْلَمَ مَن يَتَّبِعُ الرَّسُولَ مِمَّن يَنقَلِبُ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ ( And We made the Qiblah which you used to face, only that We know who followed the Messenger from those who would turn on their heels. ) ( 2:143 ) Allah also said, وَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ الْمُنَـفِقِينَ ( Verily, Allah knows those who believe, and that He knows the hypocrites. ) ( 29:11 ) It should be added to these examples that from Allah's knowledge is that He knows all things before they occur, and this is something definite and certain.
Therefore, He says after this, وَأَحَاطَ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ وَأَحْصَى كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَدَداً ( And He surrounds all that which is with them, and He keeps count of all things. ) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Jinn, and all praises and thanks are due to Allah.

(72:27) other than to a Messenger whom He chooses *27 (for the bestowal of any part of the knowledge of the Unseen), whereafter He appoints guards who go before him and behind him, *28

Except whom He has approved of messengers, meaning

*27) That is, the Messenger by himself is no knower of the unseen, but when AIIah chooses him to perform the mission of Prophethood, He grants him the knowledge of those of the unseen truths which He is pleased to grant.

*28) " Guards ": Angels.
That is, when Allah sends down the knowledge of the unseen realities to the Messenger by revelation, He appoints angels on every side to safeguard it so that the knowledge reaches the Messenger in a safe condition, free from every kind of adulteration.
This is the same thing which has been expressed in vv.
8-9 above, saying: After the appointment of the Holy Messenger the jinn found that all the doors to the heavens had been closed, and they noticed that strict security measures had been adopted because of which no room had been left for them to eavesdrop.

 

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ does not know when the Hour will be Allah commands His Messenger to say to the people that he has no knowledge of when the Hour will be and he does not know whether its time is near or far. قُلْ إِنْ أَدْرِى أَقَرِيبٌ مَّا تُوعَدُونَ أَمْ يَجْعَلُ لَهُ رَبِّى أَمَداً ( Say: "I know not whether which you are promised is near or whether my Lord will appoint for it a distant term." ) meaning, a long period of time.
In this noble Ayah is an evidence that the Hadith that many of the ignorant people often circulate, which says that the Prophet will not remain under the earth more than one thousand years ( i.e., the Hour will be before that period ) is a baseless lie.
We have not seen it in any of the Books ( of Hadith ).
Verily, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about the time of the Hour and he would not respond.
When Jibril appeared to him in the form of a bedouin Arab, one of the questions he asked the Prophet was, "O Muhammad! Tell me about the Hour" So the Prophet replied, «مَا الْمَسْؤُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِل» ( The one questioned about it knows no more than the questioner. ) On another occasion when a bedouin Arab called out to the Prophet in a loud voice saying, "O Muhammad! When will be the Hour" The Prophet said, «وَيْحَكَ إِنَّهَا كَائِنَةٌ، فَمَا أَعْدَدْتَ لَهَا؟» ( Woe unto you.
Verily, it will occur so what have you prepared for it ) The man replied, "I have not prepared much for it of prayers and fasting, but I love Allah and His Messenger." The Prophet then replied, «فَأَنْتَ مَعَ مَنْ أَحْبَبْت» ( Then you will be with whomever you love. ) Anas said, "The Muslims were not happier with anything like they were upon ( hearing ) this Hadith." Concerning Allah's statement, عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلاَ يُظْهِرُ عَلَى غَيْبِهِ أَحَداً إِلاَّ مَنِ ارْتَضَى مِن رَّسُولٍ ( The All-Knower of the Unseen, and He reveals to none His Unseen.
Except to a Messenger ) This is similar to Allah's statement, وَلاَ يُحِيطُونَ بِشَيْءٍ مِّنْ عِلْمِهِ إِلاَّ بِمَا شَآءَ ( And they will never compass any thing of His knowledge except that which He wills. ) ( 2:255 ) Similarly, Allah says here that He knows the unseen and the seen and that no one of His creation can attain any of His knowledge except that which Allah allows him to have.
Thus, Allah says, عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلاَ يُظْهِرُ عَلَى غَيْبِهِ أَحَداً إِلاَّ مَنِ ارْتَضَى مِن رَّسُولٍ ( The All-Knower of the Unseen, and He reveals to none His Unseen.
Except to a Messenger whom He has chosen, ) This includes the angelic Messenger and the human Messenger.
Then Allah says, فَإِنَّهُ يَسْلُكُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ رَصَداً ( and then He makes a band of watching guards to march before him and behind him. ) meaning, He particularly gives him additional guardian angels who protect him by the command of Allah and they accompany him with that which is with him of Allah's revelation.
Thus, Allah says, لِّيَعْلَمَ أَن قَدْ أَبْلَغُواْ رِسَـلَـتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَحَاطَ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ وَأَحْصَى كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَدَداً ( Till he knows that they have conveyed the Messages of their Lord.
And He surrounds all that which is with them, and He keeps count of all things. ) The pronoun `he' which is in His statement, لِيَعْلَمَ ( Till he knows ) refers to the Prophet .
Ibn Jarir recorded from Sa`id bin Jubayr that he said concerning the Ayah, عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلاَ يُظْهِرُ عَلَى غَيْبِهِ أَحَداً - إِلاَّ مَنِ ارْتَضَى مِن رَّسُولٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْلُكُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ رَصَداً ( The All-Knower of the Unseen, and He reveals to none His Unseen.
Except to a Messenger whom He has chosen, and then He makes a band of watching guards to march before him and behind him. ) "These are four guardians among the angels along with Jibril, لِيَعْلَمَ ( Till he knows ) This means Muhammad ﷺ, أَن قَدْ أَبْلَغُواْ رِسَـلَـتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَحَاطَ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ وَأَحْصَى كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَدَداً ( that they have conveyed the Messages of their Lord.
And He surrounds all that which is with them, and He keeps count of all things. )" This was recorded by Ibn Abi Hatim.
It has also been reported by Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi and Yazid bin Abi Habib.
`Abdur-Razzaq reported from Ma`mar, from Qatadah, لِّيَعْلَمَ أَن قَدْ أَبْلَغُواْ رِسَـلَـتِ رَبِّهِمْ ( Till he knows that they have conveyed the Messages of their Lord. ) "So that the Prophet of Allah would know that the Messengers had conveyed their Messages from Allah and that the angels have protected them and defended them." This has also been reported by Sa`id bin Abi `Arubah from Qatadah, and Ibn Jarir preferred this interpretation.
Al-Baghawi said, "Ya`qub recited it as, ( لِيُعْلَمَ ) ( in order to be known ) this means, so that the people may know that the Messengers had conveyed the Message." It also could carry the meaning that the pronoun refers to Allah ( i.e., So that He (Allah ) may know).
This opinion has been mentioned by Ibn Al-Jawzi in Zad Al-Masir.
The meaning of this is that He protects His Messengers through His angels so that they will be able to convey His Messages.
He protects what He reveals to them of revelation so that He will know that they have indeed conveyed the Messages of their Lord.
This is like His statement, وَمَا جَعَلْنَا الْقِبْلَةَ الَّتِى كُنتَ عَلَيْهَآ إِلاَّ لِنَعْلَمَ مَن يَتَّبِعُ الرَّسُولَ مِمَّن يَنقَلِبُ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ ( And We made the Qiblah which you used to face, only that We know who followed the Messenger from those who would turn on their heels. ) ( 2:143 ) Allah also said, وَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ الْمُنَـفِقِينَ ( Verily, Allah knows those who believe, and that He knows the hypocrites. ) ( 29:11 ) It should be added to these examples that from Allah's knowledge is that He knows all things before they occur, and this is something definite and certain.
Therefore, He says after this, وَأَحَاطَ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ وَأَحْصَى كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَدَداً ( And He surrounds all that which is with them, and He keeps count of all things. ) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Jinn, and all praises and thanks are due to Allah.

Save unto every messenger whom he hath chosen) He reveals to them some instances of the Unseen, ( and then He maketh a guard ) angels ( to go before him ) before the messenger ( and a guard behind him ) to protect him from the jinn, devils and human beings so that they do not hear Gabriel reciting the revelations.

Except to a Messenger (from mankind) whom He has chosen (He informs him of unseen as much as He likes), and then He makes a band of watching guards (angels) to march before him and behind him.

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