Surah shura ayat 30 Tafsir Quran 42:30

﴿وَمَا أَصَابَكُم مِّن مُّصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَيَعْفُو عَن كَثِيرٍ﴾
[ الشورى: 30]

42:30 And whatever strikes you of disaster - it is for what your hands have earned; but He pardons much.

And whatever affliction whatever misfortune or hardship may befall you — this is an address to the believers — is on account of what your own hands have earned that is to say for the sins that you have committed — the use of ‘hands’ to express this is because most actions are effected by them. And He pardons much of these sins and does not requite them for God’s kindness is greater than that He should for example double the requital in the Hereafter; as for those who do not commit grave sins then what befalls them in this world of hardship raises their degree in the reward of the Hereafter.

And whatever befalls you of a misfortune or weds you of a calamity is a consequence of your wrongful and unclean hands. Yet He ignores many offences and forgives you a great deal

Among the Signs of Allah is the Creation of the Heavens and the Earth وَمِنْ ءَايَـتِهِ ( And among His Ayat ) the signs which point to His great might and power, خَلْقُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَمَا بَثَّ فِيهِمَا ( is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and whatever moving creatures He has dispersed in them both. ) means, whatever He has created in them, i.e., in the heavens and the earth. مِن دَآبَّةٍ ( and whatever moving creatures ) this includes the angels, men, Jinn and all the animals with their different shapes, colors, languages, natures, kinds and types.
He has distributed them throughout the various regions of the heavens and earth. وَهُوَ ( And He ) means, yet despite all that, عَلَى جَمْعِهِمْ إِذَا يَشَآءُ قَدِيرٌ ( is Able to assemble them whenever He wills. ) means, on the Day of Resurrection, He will gather the first and the last of them, and bring all His creatures together in one place where they will all hear the voice of the caller and all of them will be seen clearly; then He will judge between them with justice and truth. The Cause of Misfortune is Sin وَمَآ أَصَـبَكُمْ مِّن مُّصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ ( And whatever of misfortune befalls you, it is because of what your hands have earned. ) means, `whatever disasters happen to you, O mankind, are because of sins that you have committed in the past.' وَيَعْفُواْ عَن كَثِيرٍ ( And He pardons much. ) means, of sins; `He does not punish you for them, rather He forgives you.' وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ ( And if Allah were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving creature on the surface of the earth ) ( 35:45 ).
According to a Sahih Hadith:
«وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنَ مِنْ نَصَبٍ وَلَا وَصَبٍ وَلَا هَمَ وَلَا حَزَنٍ إِلَّا كَفَّرَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِهَا مِنْ خَطَايَاهُ، حَتْى الشَّوْكَةِ يُشَاكُهَا»
( By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, no believer is stricken with fatigue, exhaustion, worry or grief, but Allah will forgive him for some of his sins thereby -- even a thorn which pricks him. ) Imam Ahmad recorded that Mu`awiyah bin Abi Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:
«مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنَ فِي جَسَدِهِ يُؤْذِيهِ إِلَّا كَفَّرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ بِهِ مِنْ سَيِّئَاتِه»
( No physical harm befalls a believer, but Allah will expiate for some of his sins because of it. )" Imam Ahmad also recorded that `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
«إِذَا كَثُرَتْ ذُنُوبُ الْعَبْدِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَا يُكَفِّرُهَا، ابْتَلَاهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِالْحَزَنِ لِيُكَفِّرَهَا»
( If a person commits many sins and has nothing that will expiate for them, Allah will test him with some grief that will expiate for them. )"

(42:30) Whatever misfortune befalls you is a consequence of your own deeds. But much of it He forgives. *52

And whatever strikes you of disaster - meaning

*52) One should note that here the cause of all human afflictions is not being stated but the address is directed to the people who were at that time committing disbelief and disobedience at Makkah.
They are being told: `Had Allah seized you for alI your sins and crimes, He would not have even allowed you to live, but the calamities ( probably the allusion is to the famine of Makkah ) that have descended on you, are only a warning so that you may take heed and examine your actions and deeds to see as to what attitude and conduct you have adopted as against your Lord, and try to understand how helpless you actually arc against God against Whom you are rebelling, and know that those whom you have taken as your patrons and supporters, or the powers that you have relied upon, cannot avail you anything against the punishment of AIlah."
For further explanation it is necessary to state that as regards the sincere believer, Allah's law for him is different.
All the calamities and hardships that befall him go on becoming an atonement for his sins, errors and deficiencies.
There is an authentic Hadith to the effect: `Whatever sorrow and suffering, distress and grief, and affliction and worry that a Muslim experiences, even if it be a thorn prick, it is made an atonement by Allah for one or the other of his errors.
" ( Bukhari, Muslim ).
As for the hardships that a believer faces in the way of raising Allah's Word, they do not merely become an atonement for his deficiencies but also a means of the exaltation of ranks with AIlah.
In this connection, it cannot even be imagined that they descend as a punishment for sins."
 

Among the Signs of Allah is the Creation of the Heavens and the Earth وَمِنْ ءَايَـتِهِ ( And among His Ayat ) the signs which point to His great might and power, خَلْقُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَمَا بَثَّ فِيهِمَا ( is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and whatever moving creatures He has dispersed in them both. ) means, whatever He has created in them, i.e., in the heavens and the earth. مِن دَآبَّةٍ ( and whatever moving creatures ) this includes the angels, men, Jinn and all the animals with their different shapes, colors, languages, natures, kinds and types.
He has distributed them throughout the various regions of the heavens and earth. وَهُوَ ( And He ) means, yet despite all that, عَلَى جَمْعِهِمْ إِذَا يَشَآءُ قَدِيرٌ ( is Able to assemble them whenever He wills. ) means, on the Day of Resurrection, He will gather the first and the last of them, and bring all His creatures together in one place where they will all hear the voice of the caller and all of them will be seen clearly; then He will judge between them with justice and truth. The Cause of Misfortune is Sin وَمَآ أَصَـبَكُمْ مِّن مُّصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ ( And whatever of misfortune befalls you, it is because of what your hands have earned. ) means, `whatever disasters happen to you, O mankind, are because of sins that you have committed in the past.' وَيَعْفُواْ عَن كَثِيرٍ ( And He pardons much. ) means, of sins; `He does not punish you for them, rather He forgives you.' وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ ( And if Allah were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving creature on the surface of the earth ) ( 35:45 ).
According to a Sahih Hadith: «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنَ مِنْ نَصَبٍ وَلَا وَصَبٍ وَلَا هَمَ وَلَا حَزَنٍ إِلَّا كَفَّرَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِهَا مِنْ خَطَايَاهُ، حَتْى الشَّوْكَةِ يُشَاكُهَا» ( By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, no believer is stricken with fatigue, exhaustion, worry or grief, but Allah will forgive him for some of his sins thereby -- even a thorn which pricks him. ) Imam Ahmad recorded that Mu`awiyah bin Abi Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: «مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنَ فِي جَسَدِهِ يُؤْذِيهِ إِلَّا كَفَّرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ بِهِ مِنْ سَيِّئَاتِه» ( No physical harm befalls a believer, but Allah will expiate for some of his sins because of it. )" Imam Ahmad also recorded that `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «إِذَا كَثُرَتْ ذُنُوبُ الْعَبْدِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَا يُكَفِّرُهَا، ابْتَلَاهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِالْحَزَنِ لِيُكَفِّرَهَا» ( If a person commits many sins and has nothing that will expiate for them, Allah will test him with some grief that will expiate for them. )"

Whatever of misfortune striketh you) in your own persons, ( it is what your right hands have earned. And He forgiveth much ) of sins such that He does not take you to task for them

And whatever of misfortune befalls you, it is because of what your hands have earned. And He pardons much. (See the Quran Verse 35:45).

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