Surah zariyat ayat 4 Tafsir Quran 51:4

﴿فَالْمُقَسِّمَاتِ أَمْرًا﴾
[ الذاريات: 4]

51:4 And those [angels] apportioning [each] matter,

and those that apportion by command the angels who distribute provisions and the rains and other things across the lands and to all servants

And by the angels, the attendants and divine Messengers of Allah, who minister the affairs of mankind and all other beings, and apportion to each what is determined by Allah

Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Affirming the News of the Resurrection The Commander of the faithful, `Ali bin Abi Talib may Allah be pleased with him, ascended the Minbar in Kufah and declared, "Any Ayah in the Book of Allah the Exalted and any Sunnah from Allah's Messenger ﷺ you ask me about today, I will explain them." Ibn Al-Kawwa stood up and said, "O Leader of the faithful! What is the meaning of Allah's statement, وَالذَرِيَـتِ ذَرْواً ( By the scattering Dhariyat )," and `Ali said, "The wind." The man asked, فَالْحَـمِلَـتِ وِقْراً "( And the laden Hamilat )" `Ali said, "The clouds." The man again asked, فَالْجَـرِيَـتِ يُسْراً "( And the steady Jariyat )" `Ali said, "The ships." The man asked, فَالْمُقَسِّمَـتِ أَمْراً "( And the distributors of command )" `Ali said, it refers to "The angels." Some scholars said that Al-Jariyat Yusra refers to the stars that float in their orbits with ease.
This would mean that the things mentioned were ascendant in their order, beginning with the lower, then mentioning the higher one after that, etc.
The winds bring the clouds, the stars are above them and the angels who distribute by Allah's order are above that, and they descend with Allah's legislative orders and the decrees He determines.
These Ayat contain a vow from Allah that Resurrection shall come to pass.
Allah's statement, إِنَّمَا تُوعَدُونَ لَصَـدِقٌ ( Verily, that which you are promised is surely true. ), it is a truthful promise, وَإِنَّ الدِّينَ ( And verily, Ad-Din ) the Recompense, لَوَاقِعٌ ( will occur ), it will surely come to pass.
Then Allah the Exalted said, وَالسَّمَآءِ ذَاتِ الْحُبُكِ ( By the heaven full of Hubuk, ) Ibn `Abbas said; "Full of beauty, grace, magnificence and perfection." Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Malik, Abu Salih, As-Suddi, Qatadah, `Atiyah Al-`Awfi, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and others said similarly.
Ad-Dahhak, Al-Minhal bin `Amr and others said, "The meandering of the water, sand and plants when the wind passes over them; carving paths out of them, that is the Hubuk." All of these sayings return to the same meaning, that of beauty and complexity.
The sky is high above us, clear yet thick, firmly structured, spacious and graceful, beautified with stars such as the sun and orbiting planets such as the moon and the planets of the solar system. The Differing Claims of the Idolators Allah the Exalted said, إِنَّكُمْ لَفِى قَوْلٍ مُّخْتَلِفٍ ( Certainly, you have different ideas. ) Allah says, `you disbelievers who deny the Messengers have different and confused opinions that do not connect or conform to each other.' Qatadah commented on the Ayah, "You have different ideas about the Qur'an.
Some of you agree that it is true while some others deny this fact." Allah said, يُؤْفَكُ عَنْهُ مَنْ أُفِكَ ( Turned aside therefrom is he who is turned aside. ) Allah says, these confused and different opinions only fool those who are inwardly misguided.
Surely, such falsehood is accepted, embraced and it becomes the source of confusion only for those who are misguided and originally liars, the fools who have no sound comprehension, as Allah said, فَإِنَّكُمْ وَمَا تَعْبُدُونَ - مَآ أَنتُمْ عَلَيْهِ بِفَـتِنِينَ - إِلاَّ مَنْ هُوَ صَالِ الْجَحِيمِ ( So, verily you and those whom you worship cannot lead astray, except those who are predetermined to burn in Hell! )( 37:161-163 ) Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, and As-Suddi said: يُؤْفَكُ عَنْهُ مَنْ أُفِكَ ( Turned aside therefrom is he who is turned aside. ) "He who is misguided is led astray from it.
" Allah said; قُتِلَ الْخَرَصُونَ ( Cursed be Al-Kharrasun ), Mujahid said; "The liars.
This is similar to what is mentioned in ( Surah ) `Abasa: قُتِلَ الإِنسَـنُ مَآ أَكْفَرَهُ ( Be cursed man! How ungrateful he is! )( 80:17 ) Al-Kharrasun are those who claim that they will never be brought back to life, doubting the coming of Resurrection." `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas; قُتِلَ الْخَرَصُونَ ( Cursed be Al-Kharrasun ), "Cursed be the doubters." Mu`adh said similarly, may Allah be pleased with him.
During one of his speeches he said, "Destroyed be the doubters." Qatadah said, "Al-Kharrasun are the people of doubt and suspicion." Allah said; الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِى غَمْرَةٍ سَـهُونَ ( Who are under a cover of Sahun, ) Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, and others said; "In disbelief and doubt, they are heedless and playful." Allah said, يَسْـَلُونَ أَيَّانَ يَوْمُ الدِّينِ ( They ask: "When will be the Day of Ad-Din" ) They utter this statement in denial, stubbornness, doubt and suspicion.
Allah the Exalted replied, يَوْمَ هُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ يُفْتَنُونَ ( (It will be ) a Day when they will be Yuftanun in the Fire!) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Al-Hasan and several others said that Yuftanun means punished.
Mujahid said: "Just as gold is forged in the fire." A group of others also including Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Zayd bin Aslam, and Sufyan Ath-Thawri said, "They will be burnt." ذُوقُواْ فِتْنَتَكُمْ ( Taste you your trial! ), Mujahid said, "Your burning" while others said, "Your punishment." هَـذَا الَّذِى كُنتُمْ بِهِ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ ( This is what you used to ask to be hastened! ) This will be said admonishing, chastising, humiliating and belittling them.
Allah knows best. إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِى جَنَّـتٍ وَعُيُونٍ ءَاخِذِينَ مَآ ءَاتَـهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُواْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ مُحْسِنِينَ كَانُواْ قَلِيلاً مِّن الَّيْلِ مَا يَهْجَعُونَ وَبِالاٌّسْحَـرِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ

(51:4) and execute the great task of apportioning (rainfall): *2

And those [angels] apportioning [each] matter, meaning

*2) The commentators have disputed the commentary of al-Jariyat-i yusran and al-muqassimat-i amran.
One group has preferred the view, or held this meaning as admissible, that by these two also are meant the winds; that is, the same very winds then transport the clouds, and spreading over different parts of the earth, distribute the water as and where required according to Allah's command, The other group holds that al-ariyat-i yusran implies fast moving boats, and al-muqassimat-i amran implies the angels who distribute among the creatures their shares of the provisions according to Allah's command.
According to a tradition, Hadrat `Umar explained this very meaning of these two sentences and said: " Had I not heard this from the Holy Prophet, I would not have mentioned it. " On this very basis, `Allama Alusi has expressed the opinion that it is not permissible to take any other meaning of these sentences than this, and those who have taken any other meaning, have taken undue liberties.
But Hafiz Ibn Kathir says that this tradition has weak links of the transmitters and on its basis it cannot be said with absolute certainty that the Holy Prophet might himself have given this commentary of these sentences.
There is no doubt that from a good number of the Companions and their immediate followers only this second commentary has been reported, but a good number of the commentators have given the first commentary also, and it fits in better with the context.
Shah Rafi`uddin, Shah 'Abdul Qadir and Maulana Mahmud-ul-Hasan also have preferred the first meaning in their translations of the Qur'an.

 

Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Affirming the News of the Resurrection The Commander of the faithful, `Ali bin Abi Talib may Allah be pleased with him, ascended the Minbar in Kufah and declared, "Any Ayah in the Book of Allah the Exalted and any Sunnah from Allah's Messenger ﷺ you ask me about today, I will explain them." Ibn Al-Kawwa stood up and said, "O Leader of the faithful! What is the meaning of Allah's statement, وَالذَرِيَـتِ ذَرْواً ( By the scattering Dhariyat )," and `Ali said, "The wind." The man asked, فَالْحَـمِلَـتِ وِقْراً "( And the laden Hamilat )" `Ali said, "The clouds." The man again asked, فَالْجَـرِيَـتِ يُسْراً "( And the steady Jariyat )" `Ali said, "The ships." The man asked, فَالْمُقَسِّمَـتِ أَمْراً "( And the distributors of command )" `Ali said, it refers to "The angels." Some scholars said that Al-Jariyat Yusra refers to the stars that float in their orbits with ease.
This would mean that the things mentioned were ascendant in their order, beginning with the lower, then mentioning the higher one after that, etc.
The winds bring the clouds, the stars are above them and the angels who distribute by Allah's order are above that, and they descend with Allah's legislative orders and the decrees He determines.
These Ayat contain a vow from Allah that Resurrection shall come to pass.
Allah's statement, إِنَّمَا تُوعَدُونَ لَصَـدِقٌ ( Verily, that which you are promised is surely true. ), it is a truthful promise, وَإِنَّ الدِّينَ ( And verily, Ad-Din ) the Recompense, لَوَاقِعٌ ( will occur ), it will surely come to pass.
Then Allah the Exalted said, وَالسَّمَآءِ ذَاتِ الْحُبُكِ ( By the heaven full of Hubuk, ) Ibn `Abbas said; "Full of beauty, grace, magnificence and perfection." Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Malik, Abu Salih, As-Suddi, Qatadah, `Atiyah Al-`Awfi, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and others said similarly.
Ad-Dahhak, Al-Minhal bin `Amr and others said, "The meandering of the water, sand and plants when the wind passes over them; carving paths out of them, that is the Hubuk." All of these sayings return to the same meaning, that of beauty and complexity.
The sky is high above us, clear yet thick, firmly structured, spacious and graceful, beautified with stars such as the sun and orbiting planets such as the moon and the planets of the solar system. The Differing Claims of the Idolators Allah the Exalted said, إِنَّكُمْ لَفِى قَوْلٍ مُّخْتَلِفٍ ( Certainly, you have different ideas. ) Allah says, `you disbelievers who deny the Messengers have different and confused opinions that do not connect or conform to each other.' Qatadah commented on the Ayah, "You have different ideas about the Qur'an.
Some of you agree that it is true while some others deny this fact." Allah said, يُؤْفَكُ عَنْهُ مَنْ أُفِكَ ( Turned aside therefrom is he who is turned aside. ) Allah says, these confused and different opinions only fool those who are inwardly misguided.
Surely, such falsehood is accepted, embraced and it becomes the source of confusion only for those who are misguided and originally liars, the fools who have no sound comprehension, as Allah said, فَإِنَّكُمْ وَمَا تَعْبُدُونَ - مَآ أَنتُمْ عَلَيْهِ بِفَـتِنِينَ - إِلاَّ مَنْ هُوَ صَالِ الْجَحِيمِ ( So, verily you and those whom you worship cannot lead astray, except those who are predetermined to burn in Hell! )( 37:161-163 ) Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, and As-Suddi said: يُؤْفَكُ عَنْهُ مَنْ أُفِكَ ( Turned aside therefrom is he who is turned aside. ) "He who is misguided is led astray from it.
" Allah said; قُتِلَ الْخَرَصُونَ ( Cursed be Al-Kharrasun ), Mujahid said; "The liars.
This is similar to what is mentioned in ( Surah ) `Abasa: قُتِلَ الإِنسَـنُ مَآ أَكْفَرَهُ ( Be cursed man! How ungrateful he is! )( 80:17 ) Al-Kharrasun are those who claim that they will never be brought back to life, doubting the coming of Resurrection." `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas; قُتِلَ الْخَرَصُونَ ( Cursed be Al-Kharrasun ), "Cursed be the doubters." Mu`adh said similarly, may Allah be pleased with him.
During one of his speeches he said, "Destroyed be the doubters." Qatadah said, "Al-Kharrasun are the people of doubt and suspicion." Allah said; الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِى غَمْرَةٍ سَـهُونَ ( Who are under a cover of Sahun, ) Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, and others said; "In disbelief and doubt, they are heedless and playful." Allah said, يَسْـَلُونَ أَيَّانَ يَوْمُ الدِّينِ ( They ask: "When will be the Day of Ad-Din" ) They utter this statement in denial, stubbornness, doubt and suspicion.
Allah the Exalted replied, يَوْمَ هُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ يُفْتَنُونَ ( (It will be ) a Day when they will be Yuftanun in the Fire!) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Al-Hasan and several others said that Yuftanun means punished.
Mujahid said: "Just as gold is forged in the fire." A group of others also including Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Zayd bin Aslam, and Sufyan Ath-Thawri said, "They will be burnt." ذُوقُواْ فِتْنَتَكُمْ ( Taste you your trial! ), Mujahid said, "Your burning" while others said, "Your punishment." هَـذَا الَّذِى كُنتُمْ بِهِ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ ( This is what you used to ask to be hastened! ) This will be said admonishing, chastising, humiliating and belittling them.
Allah knows best. إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِى جَنَّـتٍ وَعُيُونٍ ءَاخِذِينَ مَآ ءَاتَـهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُواْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ مُحْسِنِينَ كَانُواْ قَلِيلاً مِّن الَّيْلِ مَا يَهْجَعُونَ وَبِالاٌّسْحَـرِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ

( And those who distribute (blessings ) by command) and swears by the angels Gabriel, Michael, Seraphiel and the angel of death who apportion [ provisions ] for people: Allah swore by all these,

And those (angels) who distribute (provisions, rain, and other blessings) by (Allah's) Command;

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