Surah Fussilat ayat 45 Tafsir Quran 41:45

﴿وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ ۗ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَفِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍ﴾
[ فصلت: 45]

41:45 And We had already given Moses the Scripture, but it came under disagreement. And if not for a word that preceded from your Lord, it would have been concluded between them. And indeed they are, concerning the Qur'an, in disquieting doubt.

And verily We gave Moses the Scripture the Torah but differences arose concerning it in terms of some affirming the truth of it and others denying it as with the Qur’ān; and were it not for a Word that had already preceded from your Lord to defer the reckoning and requital of creatures until the Day of Resurrection judgement would have been made between them in this world concerning that over which they differed; for indeed they the deniers of it are in grave doubt concerning it doubt which leads to utter uncertainty.

We gave Mussa (Moses) the Book AL-Tawrah (the Torah) and there it was met with disagreement; it was not in accordance with some of his peoples taste and liking; it excited their displeasure and disgust. And had it not been for Allahs Word proclaimed beforehand to put punishment of your opponents O Muhammad in respite, their Hereafter would have been planted in the now. They are in perplexity about it -the Quran- with suspicions amongst their thoughts

Rejection of the Qur'an is pure Stubbornness Allah tells us that the Qur'an is so eloquent and perfect in its wording and meanings, yet despite that the idolators do not believe in it.
He tells us that their disbelief is the disbelief of stubbornness, as He says elsewhere: وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَـهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ الاٌّعْجَمِينَ فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَيْهِم مَّا كَانُوا بِهِ مُؤْمِنِينَ ( And if We had revealed it unto any of the non-Arabs, and he had recited it unto them, they would not have believed in it. ) ( 26:198-199 ).
If the Qur'an had been revealed in the language of the non-Arabs, they would have said, because of their stubbornness: لَوْلاَ فُصِّلَتْ ءَايَـتُهُ ءَاعْجَمِىٌّ وَعَرَبِىٌّ ( Why are not its verses explained in detail What! not in Arabic and an Arab ) meaning, why is it not revealed in detail in Arabic And by way of denunciation they would have said, "What! not in Arabic nor from an Arab -- i.e., how can foreign words be revealed to an Arab who does not understand them This interpretation was reported from Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, As-Suddi and others. قُلْ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ هُدًى وَشِفَآءٌ ( Say: "It is for those who believe, a guide and a cure..." ) means, `say, O Muhammad: this Qur'an, for the one who believes in it, is guidance for his heart and a cure for the doubts and confusion that exists in people's hearts.' وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ فِى ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرٌ ( And as for those who disbelieve, there is heaviness in their ears, ) means, they do not understand what is in it. وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَمًى ( and it is blindness for them. ) means they are not guided to the explanations contained therein.
This is like the Ayah: وَنُنَزِّلُ مِنَ الْقُرْءَانِ مَا هُوَ شِفَآءٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلاَ يَزِيدُ الظَّـلِمِينَ إَلاَّ خَسَارًا ( And We send down of the Qur'an that which is a healing and a mercy to those who believe, and it increases the wrongdoers nothing but loss. ) ( 17:82 ). أُوْلَـئِكَ يُنَادَوْنَ مِن مَّكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ ( They are called from a place far away. ) Mujahid said, "Far away from their hearts." Ibn Jarir said, "It is as if the one who is addressing them is calling to them from a distant place, and they cannot understand what he is saying." This is like the Ayah: وَمَثَلُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ كَمَثَلِ الَّذِى يَنْعِقُ بِمَا لاَ يَسْمَعُ إِلاَّ دُعَآءً وَنِدَآءً صُمٌّ بُكْمٌ عُمْىٌ فَهُمْ لاَ يَعْقِلُونَ ( And the example of those who disbelieve is as that of him who shouts to those (flock of sheep ) that hears nothing but calls and cries.
( They are ) deaf, dumb and blind.
So they do not understand.) ( 2:171 ) Taking Musa as an Example وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَـبَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ ( And indeed We gave Musa the Scripture, but dispute arose therein. ) means, they disbelieved in him and did not show him any respect. فَاصْبِرْ كَمَا صَبَرَ أُوْلُواْ الْعَزْمِ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ ( Therefore be patient as did the Messengers of strong will ) ( 46:35 ). وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ( And had it not been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord, ) i.e., to delay the Reckoning until the Day of Resurrection, لَّقُضِىَ بِيْنَهُمْ ( the matter would have been settled between them. ) means, the punishment would have been hastened for them.
But they have an appointed time, beyond which they will find no escape. وَإِنَّهُمْ لَفِى شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍ ( But truly, they are in grave doubt thereto. ) means, their words of disbelief are not due to any wisdom or insight on their part; rather they spoke without any attempt at examining it thoroughly.
This was also the interpretation of Ibn Jarir, and it is a plausible interpretation.
And Allah knows best.

(41:45) And in the past We gave Moses the Book and yet it became an object of dispute. *56 If your Lord's decree had not gone forth before, a decisive judgement would have been made among them, once and for all. *57 Surely they are in a disquieting doubt about it. *58

And We had already given Moses the meaning

*56) That is, some people had believed in it and some others had made up their minds to oppose it.

*57) It has two meanings' ( 1 ) If Allah had not already decreed that the people would be given enough respite for consideration the disputants would have long been destroyed; ( 2 ) if AIlah had not already decreed that the disputes would finally be decided on the Day of Judgement, the reality would have been made plain as to who is in the right and who is in the wrong.

*58) In this brief sentence the spiritual disease of the disbelievers of Makkah has been clearly diagnosed.
It says that they are involved in doubt about the Qur'an and the Holy Prophet Muhammad ( upon whom be Allah's peace ), and this doubt has caused them great anguish and confusion.
That is, although apparently they deny the Qur'an's being Allah's Word and the Holy Prophet's being His Messenger very vehemently, yet this denial is not based on any conviction, but their minds arc afflicted with great vacillation, and doubt.
On the one hand, their selfish motives, their interests and their prejudices demand that they should belie the Qur'an and the Prophet Muhammad ( upon whom be Allah's peace ) and oppose them strongly; on the other, their hearts are convened from within, that the Qur'an is, in fact, a unique and un-paralleled Word the like of which has never been heard from any literary man or poet.
Neither can the insane utter such things in their madness, nor can devils come to teach God-worship, piety and righteousness to the people.
Likewise, when they say that Muhammad ( upon whom be Allah's peace ) is a liar, their heaps from within put them to shame, and ask: Can such a person ever be a liar? When they brand him a madman, their hearts cry out from within and ask: Do you really think that he is mad? When they accuse that Muhammad ( upon whom be Allah's peace ) is not interested in the truth but is working for selfish motives, their hearts from within curse them and ask: Do you call this virtuous man selfish, whom you have never seen striving for the sake of wealth and power and fame, whose life has been free from every tract of self-interest, who has always been working to bring about goodness and piety, but has never acted from any selfish motives.

 

Rejection of the Qur'an is pure Stubbornness Allah tells us that the Qur'an is so eloquent and perfect in its wording and meanings, yet despite that the idolators do not believe in it.
He tells us that their disbelief is the disbelief of stubbornness, as He says elsewhere: وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَـهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ الاٌّعْجَمِينَ فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَيْهِم مَّا كَانُوا بِهِ مُؤْمِنِينَ ( And if We had revealed it unto any of the non-Arabs, and he had recited it unto them, they would not have believed in it. ) ( 26:198-199 ).
If the Qur'an had been revealed in the language of the non-Arabs, they would have said, because of their stubbornness: لَوْلاَ فُصِّلَتْ ءَايَـتُهُ ءَاعْجَمِىٌّ وَعَرَبِىٌّ ( Why are not its verses explained in detail What! not in Arabic and an Arab ) meaning, why is it not revealed in detail in Arabic And by way of denunciation they would have said, "What! not in Arabic nor from an Arab -- i.e., how can foreign words be revealed to an Arab who does not understand them This interpretation was reported from Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, As-Suddi and others. قُلْ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ هُدًى وَشِفَآءٌ ( Say: "It is for those who believe, a guide and a cure..." ) means, `say, O Muhammad: this Qur'an, for the one who believes in it, is guidance for his heart and a cure for the doubts and confusion that exists in people's hearts.' وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ فِى ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرٌ ( And as for those who disbelieve, there is heaviness in their ears, ) means, they do not understand what is in it. وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَمًى ( and it is blindness for them. ) means they are not guided to the explanations contained therein.
This is like the Ayah: وَنُنَزِّلُ مِنَ الْقُرْءَانِ مَا هُوَ شِفَآءٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلاَ يَزِيدُ الظَّـلِمِينَ إَلاَّ خَسَارًا ( And We send down of the Qur'an that which is a healing and a mercy to those who believe, and it increases the wrongdoers nothing but loss. ) ( 17:82 ). أُوْلَـئِكَ يُنَادَوْنَ مِن مَّكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ ( They are called from a place far away. ) Mujahid said, "Far away from their hearts." Ibn Jarir said, "It is as if the one who is addressing them is calling to them from a distant place, and they cannot understand what he is saying." This is like the Ayah: وَمَثَلُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ كَمَثَلِ الَّذِى يَنْعِقُ بِمَا لاَ يَسْمَعُ إِلاَّ دُعَآءً وَنِدَآءً صُمٌّ بُكْمٌ عُمْىٌ فَهُمْ لاَ يَعْقِلُونَ ( And the example of those who disbelieve is as that of him who shouts to those (flock of sheep ) that hears nothing but calls and cries.
( They are ) deaf, dumb and blind.
So they do not understand.) ( 2:171 ) Taking Musa as an Example وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَـبَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ ( And indeed We gave Musa the Scripture, but dispute arose therein. ) means, they disbelieved in him and did not show him any respect. فَاصْبِرْ كَمَا صَبَرَ أُوْلُواْ الْعَزْمِ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ ( Therefore be patient as did the Messengers of strong will ) ( 46:35 ). وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ( And had it not been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord, ) i.e., to delay the Reckoning until the Day of Resurrection, لَّقُضِىَ بِيْنَهُمْ ( the matter would have been settled between them. ) means, the punishment would have been hastened for them.
But they have an appointed time, beyond which they will find no escape. وَإِنَّهُمْ لَفِى شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍ ( But truly, they are in grave doubt thereto. ) means, their words of disbelief are not due to any wisdom or insight on their part; rather they spoke without any attempt at examining it thoroughly.
This was also the interpretation of Ibn Jarir, and it is a plausible interpretation.
And Allah knows best.

( And We verily gave Moses the Scripture ) i.e. the Torah, ( but there hath been dispute concerning it ) concerning the Scripture of Moses; some believed in it while others rejected it; ( and but for a Word ) to postpone the chastisement of this nation ( that had already gone forth from your Lord, it would ere now have been judged between them ) the Jews, Christians and idolaters would have been destroyed; it is also said that this means: they would have already been punished for disbelieving, just as were destroyed before them the people who disbelieved their messengers; ( but lo! They ) the Jews, Christians and idolaters ( are in hopeless doubt concerning it ) are in manifest doubt concerning the Qur’an; it is also said: concerning the Scripture of Moses.

And indeed We gave Musa (Moses) the Scripture, but dispute arose therein. And had it not been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord, (the torment would have overtaken them) and the matter would have been settled between them. But truly, they are in grave doubt thereto (i.e. about the Quran). [Tafsir Al-Qurtubi, Vol. 15, Page 370]

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