Surah Muminun ayat 50 Tafsir Quran 23:50

﴿وَجَعَلْنَا ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَأُمَّهُ آيَةً وَآوَيْنَاهُمَا إِلَىٰ رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ﴾
[ المؤمنون: 50]

23:50 And We made the son of Mary and his mother a sign and sheltered them within a high ground having level [areas] and flowing water.

And We made the son of Mary Jesus and his mother a sign — He did not say ‘two signs’ because the same sign is in both of them his being born without his mother’s having a male spouse. And We gave them refuge on a height rabwa a highland — in this case either the Holy House of Jerusalem Damascus or Palestine all of which are alternative opinions — level dhāt qarār an flat high- land on which its inhabitants are able to settle yastaqirru and watered by springs running water over ground which the eyes can see.

And We made the son of Maryam (Mary) – Isa (Jesus)- and his mother an emblem of Our Omnipotence and Authority and We provided them with a shelter on a high land affording them security and peace of mind, and beneath which flowed a spring

`Isa and Maryam Allah tells us about His servant and Messenger `Isa bin Maryam, peace be upon them both, and that He made them as a sign for mankind, i.e., definitive proof of His ability to do what He wills.
For He created Adam without a father or a mother, He created Hawwa' from a male without a female, and He created `Isa from a female without a male, but He created the rest of mankind from both male and female. وَءَاوَيْنَـهُمَآ إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( and We gave them refuge on high ground, a place of rest, security and flowing streams. ) Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "Ar-Rabwah is a raised portion of land, which is the best place for vegetation to grow." This was also the view of Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Qatadah.
Ibn `Abbas said, ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ ( Dhat Qarar )"A fertile place. وَمَعِينٍ ( and Ma`in ) means water running on the surface." This was also the view of Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Qatadah.
Mujahid said: "A level hill." Sa`id bin Jubayr said that ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( Dhat Qarar and Ma`in ) means that water was flowing gently through it.
Mujahid and Qatadah said: وَمَعِينٍ ( and Ma`in ) "Running water." Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib: وَءَاوَيْنَـهُمَآ إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( and We gave them refuge on a Rabwah, Dhat Qarar and Ma`in. ) "It is Damascus." He said; "Something similar was also narrated from `Abdullah bin Salam, Al-Hasan, Zayd bin Aslam and Khalid bin Ma`dan." Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from `Ikrimah from Ibn `Abbas that this Ayah referred to the rivers of Damascus.
Layth bin Abi Sulaym narrated from Mujahid that the words; وَءَاوَيْنَـهُمَآ إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ( and We gave them refuge on a Rabwah, ) referred to `Isa bin Maryam and his mother when they sought refuge in Damascus and the flatlands around it.
`Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Abu Hurayrah said: إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( on a Rabwah, Dhat Qarar and Ma`in. ), "It is Ramlah in Palestine." The most correct opinion on this matter is that which was reported by Al-`Awfi from Ibn `Abbas, who said; وَءَاوَيْنَـهُمَآ إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( and We gave them refuge on a Rabwah, Dhat Qarar and Ma`in. ) "Ma`in refers to running water, and is the river of which Allah mentioned: قَدْ جَعَلَ رَبُّكِ تَحْتَكِ سَرِيّاً ( your Lord has provided a water stream under you. )"19:24 Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah said; إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( on a high ground, a place of rest, security and flowing streams. ) refers to Jerusalem.
This -- and Allah knows best -- is the most apparent meaning, because it is mentio- ned in the other Ayah, and parts of the Qur'an explain other parts, so it is more appropriate to interpret it by another Ayah, then the Sahih Hadiths, then other reports.

(23:50) And We made the son of Mary and his mother a Sign *43 to mankind and We gave them shelter on a plateau where they could have peace, and which was watered by running springs *44 .

And We made the son of Mary meaning

*43) The wording " We made the son of Mary and his mother a Sign " is very significant, because it means that neither the son of Mary nor his mother was each a separate Sign, but both of them together were a Sign.
This verse is a clear proof that a son was born to Mary without cohabitation with a man and that Jesus had no father.
For fuller details see Al-`Imran ( III ): 45-49, An-Nisa' ( IV ): 156, 171, Maryam ( XIX ): 16-35 and Al-Anbiya' ( XXI ): 91 and the relevant E.N.'s.

In this connection, it should also be noted that the case of the error in regard to Prophet Jesus and his mother was different from the error in regard to other Prophets, who were rejected because ,they were human beings.
But the deviation in regard to Prophet Jesus and his mother was that the credulous people raised them from the low position of human beings to the high rank of Godhead.
On the other hand, those, who went to the other extreme accused ary of unchastity, although they were witnesses of the miraculous birth of Jesus and had heard him speak in the cradle.

*44) Different people have mentioned different places, like Damascus, Ar-Ramlah, Jerusalem and Egypt, in regard to the plateau where Allah gave them shelter.
From the Christian traditions it appears that Mary had to leave her home twice after the birth of Prophet Jesus, first in the time of Herod when she took him to Egypt and stayed there till Herod's death, and then in the time of Arichelaus when she took him to Nazareth in Galilee.
( Matthew, 2: 13-23 ).
Therefore it cannot be said with certainty to which of these two emigrations the Qur'an refers here.
It is, however, obvious that the place of shelter was a plateau which provided them with all the necessities of life.

 

`Isa and Maryam Allah tells us about His servant and Messenger `Isa bin Maryam, peace be upon them both, and that He made them as a sign for mankind, i.e., definitive proof of His ability to do what He wills.
For He created Adam without a father or a mother, He created Hawwa' from a male without a female, and He created `Isa from a female without a male, but He created the rest of mankind from both male and female. وَءَاوَيْنَـهُمَآ إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( and We gave them refuge on high ground, a place of rest, security and flowing streams. ) Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "Ar-Rabwah is a raised portion of land, which is the best place for vegetation to grow." This was also the view of Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Qatadah.
Ibn `Abbas said, ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ ( Dhat Qarar )"A fertile place. وَمَعِينٍ ( and Ma`in ) means water running on the surface." This was also the view of Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Qatadah.
Mujahid said: "A level hill." Sa`id bin Jubayr said that ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( Dhat Qarar and Ma`in ) means that water was flowing gently through it.
Mujahid and Qatadah said: وَمَعِينٍ ( and Ma`in ) "Running water." Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib: وَءَاوَيْنَـهُمَآ إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( and We gave them refuge on a Rabwah, Dhat Qarar and Ma`in. ) "It is Damascus." He said; "Something similar was also narrated from `Abdullah bin Salam, Al-Hasan, Zayd bin Aslam and Khalid bin Ma`dan." Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from `Ikrimah from Ibn `Abbas that this Ayah referred to the rivers of Damascus.
Layth bin Abi Sulaym narrated from Mujahid that the words; وَءَاوَيْنَـهُمَآ إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ( and We gave them refuge on a Rabwah, ) referred to `Isa bin Maryam and his mother when they sought refuge in Damascus and the flatlands around it.
`Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Abu Hurayrah said: إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( on a Rabwah, Dhat Qarar and Ma`in. ), "It is Ramlah in Palestine." The most correct opinion on this matter is that which was reported by Al-`Awfi from Ibn `Abbas, who said; وَءَاوَيْنَـهُمَآ إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( and We gave them refuge on a Rabwah, Dhat Qarar and Ma`in. ) "Ma`in refers to running water, and is the river of which Allah mentioned: قَدْ جَعَلَ رَبُّكِ تَحْتَكِ سَرِيّاً ( your Lord has provided a water stream under you. )"19:24 Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah said; إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ ( on a high ground, a place of rest, security and flowing streams. ) refers to Jerusalem.
This -- and Allah knows best -- is the most apparent meaning, because it is mentio- ned in the other Ayah, and parts of the Qur'an explain other parts, so it is more appropriate to interpret it by another Ayah, then the Sahih Hadiths, then other reports.

( And We made the son of Mary ) i.e. Jesus ( and his mother a portent ) a sign and admonition: a son without a father and a pregnancy without physical contact, ( and We gave them refuge on a height ) on an elevated location, ( a place of flocks and water springs ) the reference here is to Damascus.

And We made the son of Maryam (Mary) and his mother as a sign, And We gave them refuge on high ground, a place of rest, security and flowing streams.

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