Surah Yusuf ayat 100 Tafsir Quran 12:100

﴿وَرَفَعَ أَبَوَيْهِ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ وَخَرُّوا لَهُ سُجَّدًا ۖ وَقَالَ يَا أَبَتِ هَٰذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَايَ مِن قَبْلُ قَدْ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّي حَقًّا ۖ وَقَدْ أَحْسَنَ بِي إِذْ أَخْرَجَنِي مِنَ السِّجْنِ وَجَاءَ بِكُم مِّنَ الْبَدْوِ مِن بَعْدِ أَن نَّزَغَ الشَّيْطَانُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ إِخْوَتِي ۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي لَطِيفٌ لِّمَا يَشَاءُ ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ﴾
[ يوسف: 100]

12:100 And he raised his parents upon the throne, and they bowed to him in prostration. And he said, "O my father, this is the explanation of my vision of before. My Lord has made it reality. And He was certainly good to me when He took me out of prison and brought you [here] from bedouin life after Satan had induced [estrangement] between me and my brothers. Indeed, my Lord is Subtle in what He wills. Indeed, it is He who is the Knowing, the Wise.

And he raised his parents he seated them next to him upon the throne and they fell down that is his parents and brothers prostrating before him — a prostration that was actually a bowing down not placing their foreheads down on the ground; this was their standard form of greeting at that time. Then he said ‘O father this is the interpretation of my vision of old. Indeed my Lord has made it true. And indeed He has been gracious to me since He brought me out of the prison — he did not say ‘out of the well’ in a show of magnanimity lest his brothers feel ashamed — and has brought you from the desert after Satan had incited ill feeling made trouble between me and my brethren. Truly my Lord is Subtle in bringing about what He will. Truly He is the Knower of His creatures the Wise in His actions. His father Jacob remained with him for 24 years or for 17 years. The duration of his separation from Joseph had been 18 or 40 or 80 years. When death approached him he charged Joseph to take him and bury him by his father Isaac and so he Joseph himself went and buried him there. He Joseph then returned to Egypt and remained alive for another 23 years.

And he raised aloft his parents to his -the viziers- seat of dignity and Authority and there and then did all of them bow to the ground in respect, reverence and admiration. There, said Yusuf to his father: O father, this is the interpretation of my vision which was brought before my minds eyes during sleep, and Allah has verified it and made it come true. He was gracious to me; He brought to effect my release from prison and your emigration from the desert in Canan to settle in the city in Egypt after AL-Shaytan had sown malevolence and ill-will in my brothers bosoms against me. Indeed Allah, my Creator, moves in a mysterious way His wonders to perform as He will; He is indeed AL-Alim and AL-Hakim

Yusuf welcomes His Parents - His Dream comes True Allah states that Ya`qub went to Yusuf in Egypt.
Yusuf had asked his brothers to bring all of their family, and they all departed their area and left Kana`an to Egypt.
When Yusuf received news of their approach to Egypt, he went out to receive them.
The king ordered the princes and notable people to go out in the receiving party with Yusuf to meet Allah's Prophet Ya`qub, peace be upon him.
It is said that the king also went out with them to meet Ya`qub.
Yusuf said to his family, after they entered unto him and he took them to himself, وَقَالَ ادْخُلُواْ مِصْرَ إِن شَآءَ اللَّهُ ءَامِنِينَ ( and said: "Enter Egypt, if Allah wills, in security." ) He said to them, `enter Egypt', meaning, `reside in Egypt', and added, `if Allah wills, in security', in reference to the hardship and famine that they suffered.
Allah said next, ءَاوَى إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ ( and he took his parents to himself ) As-Suddi and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said that his parents were his father and maternal aunt, as his mother had died long ago.
Muhammad bin Ishaq and Ibn Jarir At-Tabari said, "His father and mother were both alive." Ibn Jarir added, "There is no evidence that his mother had died before then.
Rather, the apparent words of the Qur'an testify that she was alive." This opinion has the apparent and suitable meaning that this story testifies to.
Allah said next, وَرَفَعَ أَبَوَيْهِ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ ( And he raised his parents to Al-'Arsh ) he raised them to his bedstead where he sat, according to Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and several others.
Allah said, وَخَرُّواْ لَهُ سُجَّدَا ( and they fell down before him prostrate. ) Yusuf's parents and brothers prostrated before him, and they were eleven men, وَقَالَ يأَبَتِ هَـذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَـى مِن قَبْلُ ( And he said: "O my father! This is the Ta'wil (interpretation ) of my dream aforetime..."), in reference to the dream that he narrated to his father before, إِنِّى رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا ( I saw (in a dream ) eleven stars...) In the laws of these and previous Prophets, it was allowed for the people to prostrate before the men of authority, when they met them.
This practice was allowed in the law of Adam until the law of `Isa, peace be upon them, but was later prohibited in our law.
Islam made prostration exclusively for Allah Alone, the Exalted and Most Honored.
The implication of this statement was collected from Qatadah and other scholars.
When Mu`adh bin Jabal visited the Sham area, he found them prostrating before their priests.
When he returned ( to Al-Madinah ), he prostrated before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who asked him,
«مَا هَذَا يَا مُعَاذُ؟»
( What is this, O, Mu`adh ) Mu`adh said, "I saw that they prostrate before their priests.
However, you, O Messenger of Allah, deserve more to be prostrated before." The Messenger ﷺ said,
«لَوْ كُنْتُ آمِرًا أَحَدًا أَنْ يَسْجُدَ لِأَحَدٍ، لَأَمَرْتُ الْمَرْأَةَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِزَوْجِهَا لِعِظَمِ حَقِّهِ عَلَيْهَا»
( If I were to order anyone to prostrate before anyone else (among the creation ), I would have ordered the wife to prostrate before her husband because of the enormity of his right on her.) Therefore, this practice was allowed in previous laws, as we stated.
This is why they ( Ya`qub and his wife and eleven sons ) prostrated before Yusuf, who said at that time, يأَبَتِ هَـذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَـى مِن قَبْلُ قَدْ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّى حَقًّا ( O my father! This is the Ta'wil of my dream aforetime! My Lord has made it come true! ) using the word, `Ta'wil', to describe what became of the matter, later on.
Allah said in another Ayah, هَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلاَّ تَأْوِيلَهُ يَوْمَ يَأْتِى تَأْوِيلُهُ ( Await they just for its Ta'wil On the Day the event is finally fulfilled... ), meaning, on the Day of Judgement what they were promised of good or evil will surely come to them.
Yusuf said, قَدْ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّى حَقًّا ( My Lord has made it come true! ) mentioning that Allah blessed him by making his dream come true, وَقَدْ أَحْسَنَ بَى إِذْ أَخْرَجَنِى مِنَ السِّجْنِ وَجَآءَ بِكُمْ مِّنَ الْبَدْوِ ( He was indeed good to me, when He took me out of the prison, and brought you (all here ) out of the bedouin life,) out of the desert, for they lived a bedouin life and raised cattle, according to Ibn Jurayj and others.
He also said that they used to live in the Arava, Ghur area of Palestine, in Greater Syria.
Yusuf said next, مِن بَعْدِ أَن نَّزغَ الشَّيْطَـنُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ إِخْوَتِى إِنَّ رَبِّى لَطِيفٌ لِّمَا يَشَآءُ ( after Shaytan had sown enmity between me and my brothers.
Certainly, my Lord is the Most Courteous and Kind unto whom He wills. ) for when Allah wills something, He brings forth its reasons and elements of existence, then wills it into existence and makes it easy to attain, إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ ( Truly, He! Only He is the All-Knowing. ) what benefits His servants, الْحَكِيمُ ( the All-Wise. ) in His statements, actions, decrees, preordain- ment and what He chooses and wills.

(12:100) (After entering the town,) he raised his parents to the throne, *69 and seated them along with himself and all of them spontaneously bowed down before him. *70 Joseph said, "Dear father, This is the interpretation of the dream I dreamt long before: my Lord has now turned that into reality. It is His grace that He took me out of the prison and brought you to me from the desert after Satan had stirred up strife between me and my brothers. It is a fact that my Lord fulfils His designs in mysterious ways, for He is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

And he raised his parents upon the meaning

*69) According to the Talmud, " When Joseph learned that his father was upon the way, he gathered together his friends and officers, and soldiers of the realm, attired in rich garments, .
.
.
.
and formed a great company to meet Prophet Jacob on the way and escort him to Egypt.
Music and gladness filled the land, and all the people, the women and the children, assembled on the house-tops to view the magnificent display. " ( H.
Polano, p.
111 ).

*70) The interpretation of this verse has given rise to some serious misunderstandings, which are against the very fundamentals of the Divine Guidance.
So much so that some people have gone to the extreme of making it lawful to prostrate before kings and saints as a mark of respect.
Others more strict on this point have explained it away, saying, " In the former Divine Laws, it was unlawful only to prostrate in worship before others than Allah, though it was permissible to prostrate before others if it was done without the intention of worship, but now in the Divine Law given to Prophet Muhammad ( Allah's peace be upon him ) it has been made absolutely unlawful ".

Such misunderstandings as these have resulted from taking the words in this verse to mean " to perform sajadah "in the technical sense in which it is now used in the Islamic code, that is, " lying flat in such a way that the hands, the knees and the forehead touch the ground, " whereas the word ( sujjadan ) has been used here in its literal meaning of sajud " to bow down ".
The parents and brothers of Prophet Joseph bowed down before him in accordance with the ancient custom among the people of the age, ( and the custom is still in vogue among some people ), who used to bow down before others to show their gratitude, or welcome them, or merely to salute them by placing their hand on the breast.
There are many instances of this in the Bible.
" ....and when he ( Abraham ) saw them ( the three men ) corning towards him, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself towards the ground.
" ( Please refer to Arabic translation: Gen.
18: 32 ).
Further on it says that when the children of Heath gave a field and a cave as a burying place for Sarah, Prophet Abraham was so grateful to them that " he stood up and bowed himself to the people of the land, even to the children of Heth, " ( Gen.
23: 7 ) and " Abraham bowed down himself before the people of the land. " ( Gen.
23: 12 ).
In both cases the words `bowed down' have been translated into ( Sajada ).

These and other like instances in the Bible are a conclusive proof of the fact that in this verse ( 100 ), the Qur'an has not used the word in its technical Islamic sense but in its literal sense.

Besides, those commentators arc absolutely wrong who suppose that in the former laws, sajadah in the present Islamic sense was allowed as a mark of respect laws.
For instance, during the Babylonian captivity of the Children of Israel, king Ahasuerus promoted Haman above all the princes and commanded all his servants to bow and reverence him, but Mordecai, who was a holy and righteous man among the Jews, bowed not, nor did him reverence.
( Esther3: 1-2 ).
The Talmud has elaborated this point in a way that is worth reading:
The servants of the king said to Mordecai: " Why wilt thou refuse to bow before Haman, transgressing thus the wishes of the king? Do we not bow before him? " " Yea are foolish, " answered Mordecai, " aye, wanting in reason.
Listen to me.
Shall a mortal, who must return to dust be glorified? Shall I bow down before one born of woman, whose days are short? When he is small he cries and weeps as a child; when he grows older sorrow and sighing are his portion; his days arc full of wrath and anger, and at the end he returns to dust.
Shall I bow to one like to him? No, I prostrate myself before the Eternal God, who lives for ever.
To Hun the great Creator and Ruler of the Universe, and to no other will I bow.
" ( The Talmud Selections by H.
Polano, p.
172 ).

This speech which was made by a Believer from among the Israelites a thousand years before the Revelation of the Qur'an, is conclusive on the point.
Thus there is absolutely no room for the performance of " sajadah " before any other than Allah.

 

Yusuf welcomes His Parents - His Dream comes True Allah states that Ya`qub went to Yusuf in Egypt.
Yusuf had asked his brothers to bring all of their family, and they all departed their area and left Kana`an to Egypt.
When Yusuf received news of their approach to Egypt, he went out to receive them.
The king ordered the princes and notable people to go out in the receiving party with Yusuf to meet Allah's Prophet Ya`qub, peace be upon him.
It is said that the king also went out with them to meet Ya`qub.
Yusuf said to his family, after they entered unto him and he took them to himself, وَقَالَ ادْخُلُواْ مِصْرَ إِن شَآءَ اللَّهُ ءَامِنِينَ ( and said: "Enter Egypt, if Allah wills, in security." ) He said to them, `enter Egypt', meaning, `reside in Egypt', and added, `if Allah wills, in security', in reference to the hardship and famine that they suffered.
Allah said next, ءَاوَى إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ ( and he took his parents to himself ) As-Suddi and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said that his parents were his father and maternal aunt, as his mother had died long ago.
Muhammad bin Ishaq and Ibn Jarir At-Tabari said, "His father and mother were both alive." Ibn Jarir added, "There is no evidence that his mother had died before then.
Rather, the apparent words of the Qur'an testify that she was alive." This opinion has the apparent and suitable meaning that this story testifies to.
Allah said next, وَرَفَعَ أَبَوَيْهِ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ ( And he raised his parents to Al-'Arsh ) he raised them to his bedstead where he sat, according to Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and several others.
Allah said, وَخَرُّواْ لَهُ سُجَّدَا ( and they fell down before him prostrate. ) Yusuf's parents and brothers prostrated before him, and they were eleven men, وَقَالَ يأَبَتِ هَـذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَـى مِن قَبْلُ ( And he said: "O my father! This is the Ta'wil (interpretation ) of my dream aforetime..."), in reference to the dream that he narrated to his father before, إِنِّى رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا ( I saw (in a dream ) eleven stars...) In the laws of these and previous Prophets, it was allowed for the people to prostrate before the men of authority, when they met them.
This practice was allowed in the law of Adam until the law of `Isa, peace be upon them, but was later prohibited in our law.
Islam made prostration exclusively for Allah Alone, the Exalted and Most Honored.
The implication of this statement was collected from Qatadah and other scholars.
When Mu`adh bin Jabal visited the Sham area, he found them prostrating before their priests.
When he returned ( to Al-Madinah ), he prostrated before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who asked him, «مَا هَذَا يَا مُعَاذُ؟» ( What is this, O, Mu`adh ) Mu`adh said, "I saw that they prostrate before their priests.
However, you, O Messenger of Allah, deserve more to be prostrated before." The Messenger ﷺ said, «لَوْ كُنْتُ آمِرًا أَحَدًا أَنْ يَسْجُدَ لِأَحَدٍ، لَأَمَرْتُ الْمَرْأَةَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِزَوْجِهَا لِعِظَمِ حَقِّهِ عَلَيْهَا» ( If I were to order anyone to prostrate before anyone else (among the creation ), I would have ordered the wife to prostrate before her husband because of the enormity of his right on her.) Therefore, this practice was allowed in previous laws, as we stated.
This is why they ( Ya`qub and his wife and eleven sons ) prostrated before Yusuf, who said at that time, يأَبَتِ هَـذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَـى مِن قَبْلُ قَدْ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّى حَقًّا ( O my father! This is the Ta'wil of my dream aforetime! My Lord has made it come true! ) using the word, `Ta'wil', to describe what became of the matter, later on.
Allah said in another Ayah, هَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلاَّ تَأْوِيلَهُ يَوْمَ يَأْتِى تَأْوِيلُهُ ( Await they just for its Ta'wil On the Day the event is finally fulfilled... ), meaning, on the Day of Judgement what they were promised of good or evil will surely come to them.
Yusuf said, قَدْ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّى حَقًّا ( My Lord has made it come true! ) mentioning that Allah blessed him by making his dream come true, وَقَدْ أَحْسَنَ بَى إِذْ أَخْرَجَنِى مِنَ السِّجْنِ وَجَآءَ بِكُمْ مِّنَ الْبَدْوِ ( He was indeed good to me, when He took me out of the prison, and brought you (all here ) out of the bedouin life,) out of the desert, for they lived a bedouin life and raised cattle, according to Ibn Jurayj and others.
He also said that they used to live in the Arava, Ghur area of Palestine, in Greater Syria.
Yusuf said next, مِن بَعْدِ أَن نَّزغَ الشَّيْطَـنُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ إِخْوَتِى إِنَّ رَبِّى لَطِيفٌ لِّمَا يَشَآءُ ( after Shaytan had sown enmity between me and my brothers.
Certainly, my Lord is the Most Courteous and Kind unto whom He wills. ) for when Allah wills something, He brings forth its reasons and elements of existence, then wills it into existence and makes it easy to attain, إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ ( Truly, He! Only He is the All-Knowing. ) what benefits His servants, الْحَكِيمُ ( the All-Wise. ) in His statements, actions, decrees, preordain- ment and what He chooses and wills.

( And he placed his parents on the dais ) on an elevated platform ( and they fell down before him prostrate ) i.e. his parents and brothers fell prostrate before him. This prostration was a sign of greeting between them: the person of humble standing prostrated to the person of high standing, the youth to the elderly and the young to the old; it is a slight bowing as is known among non-Arabs, ( and he said: O my father! This ) prostration ( is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison ) and saved me from slavery ( and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren ) through resentful envy. ( Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will ) my Lord is tender in that He brought us together. ( He is the Knower ) of that which has befallen us, ( the Wise ) in separating and then bringing us together.

And he raised his parents to the throne and they fell down before him prostrate. And he said: "O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream aforetime! My Lord has made it come true! He was indeed good to me, when He took me out of the prison, and brought you (all here) out of the bedouin-life, after Shaitan (Satan) had sown enmity between me and my brothers. Certainly, my Lord is the Most Courteous and Kind unto whom He will. Truly He! Only He is the All-Knowing, the All-Wise.

Page 247 English transliteration