Surah Muzammil ayat 17 Tafsir Quran 73:17

﴿فَكَيْفَ تَتَّقُونَ إِن كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْمًا يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَانَ شِيبًا﴾
[ المزمل: 17]

73:17 Then how can you fear, if you disbelieve, a Day that will make the children white- haired?

So if you disbelieve in this world how will you guard against a day yawman is the direct object of tattaqūna ‘you guard against’ that is against the chastisement thereof by what defence will you defend yourselves against the chastisement of a day that will make the children grey-haired shīb is the plural of ashyab by the severity of its terrors this being the Day of Resurrection the shīn of shīb should actually have a damma but it is given a kasra because of its phonetic affinity with the yā’ — a distressing day is described as being ‘a day that makes the forelocks of children turn grey’ which is usually understood figuratively; but it may be that in the case of this verse it is meant literally —

So if you people deny Allah, how would you avoid the Day of horror which shall make childrens hair turn white

The Command to be Patient with the Harms of the Disbelievers and a Discussion of what They will rece Allah commands His Messenger to be patient with what the foolish who reject him among his people say.
Allah also commands him to keep away from them in a nice way.
This means in a way that is not blameworthy.
Then Allah says to him, as a threat and a warning to his people - and He ( Allah ) is the Most Great, Whose anger nothing can stand before, وَذَرْنِى وَالْمُكَذِّبِينَ أُوْلِى النَّعْمَةِ ( And leave Me alone to deal with the deniers, those who are in possession of good things of life. ) meaning, `leave Me to deal with the rich rejectors, who own great wealth.' For verily, they are more able to obey than others besides them, and they are requested to give the rights ( to people ) because they have what others do not have. وَمَهِّلْهُمْ قَلِيلاً ( And give them respite for a little. ) meaning, for a little while.
This is as Allah says, نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ ( We let them enjoy for a little, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter ) a great torment.) ( 31:24 ) Thus, Allah says, إِنَّ لَدَيْنَآ أَنكَالاً ( Verily, with Us are Ankal, ) and these are fetters.
Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Tawus, Muhammad bin Ka`b, `Abdullah bin Buraydah, Abu `Imran Al-Jawni, Abu Mijlaz, Ad-Dahhak, Hammad bin Abi Sulayman, Qatadah, As-Suddi, Ibn Al-Mubarak, Ath-Thawri and others have all said this. وَجَحِيماً ( and Jahim. ) This is a blazing fire. وَطَعَاماً ذَا غُصَّةٍ ( And a food that chokes, ) Ibn `Abbas said, "This means it will get stuck in the throat and it will not enter or come out." وَعَذَاباً أَلِيماًيَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الاٌّرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ ( and a painful torment.
On the Day when the earth and the mountains will (Tarjuf ) shake,) meaning, they will quake. وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيباً مَّهِيلاً ( And the mountains will be a heap of sand poured out. ) meaning, they will become like hills of sand after they had been firm rocks.
Then they will be utterly destroyed and nothing will remain of them.
This will occur until the entire earth becomes a flat land and no curvature will be seen in it.
Thus, there will be no valleys and no hills.
This means that no part of it will be low or elevated. Your Messenger is like the Messenger to Fir`awn, and You know what happened to Fir`awn Then addresses the disbelievers of the Quraysh, and along with them the rest of mankind, إِنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولاً شَـهِداً عَلَيْكُمْ ( Verily, We have sent to you a Messenger to be a witness over you, ) meaning, witnessing your deeds. إِنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولاً شَـهِداً عَلَيْكُمْ كَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ رَسُولاً - فَعَصَى فِرْعَوْنُ الرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذْنَـهُ أَخْذاً وَبِيلاً ( as We did send a Messenger to Fir`awn.
But Fir`awn disobeyed the Messenger; so We seized him with a severe punishment. ) أَخْذاً وَبِيلاً ( severe punishment ) Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah, As-Suddi, and Ath-Thawri said that this means severe.
This means, `you should beware of denying this Messenger, lest you be afflicted by that which befell Fir`awn.
Allah seized him with the seizing of One Mighty and Powerful.' This is as Allah says, فَأَخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكَالَ الاٌّخِرَةِ وَالاٍّوْلَى ( So Allah seized him with punishment for his last and first transgression. ) ( 79:25 ) `Therefore, you will be even more deserving of destruction and ruin if you deny your Messenger, because your Messenger is more noble and a greater than Prophet Musa, the son of `Imran.' This has been reported from Ibn `Abbas and Mujahid. The Threat of the Day of Judgement Allah says, فَكَيْفَ تَتَّقُونَ إِن كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْماً يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَنَ شِيباً ( Then how can you proctect yourselves from the punishment, if you disbelieved, on a Day that will make the children gray-headed ) Ibn Jarir quoted in the recitation of Ibn Mas`ud: "How can you, O people, fear a Day that makes the children grey-headed, if you disbelieve in Allah and do not testify to Him" So the first interpretation would mean, `how can you attain safety for yourselves from the Day of this great horror if you disbelieve' It could imply the meaning, `how can you all attain piety if you disbelieve in the Day of Judgement and reject it.' Both of these meanings are good.
However, the first interpretation is closer to the truth.
And Allah knows best.
The meaning of Allah's statement, يَوْماً يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَنَ شِيباً ( On a Day that will make the children gray-headed ) is that this will happen due to the severity of its horrors, its earth- quakes and its distur- bing confusion.
This is when Allah will say to Adam, "Send a group to the Fire." Adam will say, "How many" Allah will then reply, "From every thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine to the Fire, and one to Paradise." Then Allah says, السَّمَآءُ مُنفَطِرٌ بِهِ ( Whereon the heaven will be cleft asunder ) Al-Hasan and Qatadah both said, "This means, because of it ( the Day of Judge- ment ), due to its severity and its horror." Then Allah says, كَانَ وَعْدُهُ مَفْعُولاً ( His promise is certainly to be accomplished. ) meaning, the promise of this Day will be fulfilled.
This means it will occur and there is no way around it, and it will come to pass and there is no avoiding it.

(73:17) If you persist in disbelieving, how will you guard yourself against the (woe of the) Day that will turn children grey-haired, *17

Then how can you fear, if you meaning

*17) That is, " In the first place, you should be afraid that if you do not accept the invitation of the Messenger sent by Us, you will have to meet the same evil end in this world, which the Pharaoh has already met in consequence of this very crime.
But even if no torment is sent on you in the world, how will you save yourselves from the punishment of the Day of Resurrection? "
 

The Command to be Patient with the Harms of the Disbelievers and a Discussion of what They will rece Allah commands His Messenger to be patient with what the foolish who reject him among his people say.
Allah also commands him to keep away from them in a nice way.
This means in a way that is not blameworthy.
Then Allah says to him, as a threat and a warning to his people - and He ( Allah ) is the Most Great, Whose anger nothing can stand before, وَذَرْنِى وَالْمُكَذِّبِينَ أُوْلِى النَّعْمَةِ ( And leave Me alone to deal with the deniers, those who are in possession of good things of life. ) meaning, `leave Me to deal with the rich rejectors, who own great wealth.' For verily, they are more able to obey than others besides them, and they are requested to give the rights ( to people ) because they have what others do not have. وَمَهِّلْهُمْ قَلِيلاً ( And give them respite for a little. ) meaning, for a little while.
This is as Allah says, نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ ( We let them enjoy for a little, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter ) a great torment.) ( 31:24 ) Thus, Allah says, إِنَّ لَدَيْنَآ أَنكَالاً ( Verily, with Us are Ankal, ) and these are fetters.
Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Tawus, Muhammad bin Ka`b, `Abdullah bin Buraydah, Abu `Imran Al-Jawni, Abu Mijlaz, Ad-Dahhak, Hammad bin Abi Sulayman, Qatadah, As-Suddi, Ibn Al-Mubarak, Ath-Thawri and others have all said this. وَجَحِيماً ( and Jahim. ) This is a blazing fire. وَطَعَاماً ذَا غُصَّةٍ ( And a food that chokes, ) Ibn `Abbas said, "This means it will get stuck in the throat and it will not enter or come out." وَعَذَاباً أَلِيماًيَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الاٌّرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ ( and a painful torment.
On the Day when the earth and the mountains will (Tarjuf ) shake,) meaning, they will quake. وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيباً مَّهِيلاً ( And the mountains will be a heap of sand poured out. ) meaning, they will become like hills of sand after they had been firm rocks.
Then they will be utterly destroyed and nothing will remain of them.
This will occur until the entire earth becomes a flat land and no curvature will be seen in it.
Thus, there will be no valleys and no hills.
This means that no part of it will be low or elevated. Your Messenger is like the Messenger to Fir`awn, and You know what happened to Fir`awn Then addresses the disbelievers of the Quraysh, and along with them the rest of mankind, إِنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولاً شَـهِداً عَلَيْكُمْ ( Verily, We have sent to you a Messenger to be a witness over you, ) meaning, witnessing your deeds. إِنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولاً شَـهِداً عَلَيْكُمْ كَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ رَسُولاً - فَعَصَى فِرْعَوْنُ الرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذْنَـهُ أَخْذاً وَبِيلاً ( as We did send a Messenger to Fir`awn.
But Fir`awn disobeyed the Messenger; so We seized him with a severe punishment. ) أَخْذاً وَبِيلاً ( severe punishment ) Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah, As-Suddi, and Ath-Thawri said that this means severe.
This means, `you should beware of denying this Messenger, lest you be afflicted by that which befell Fir`awn.
Allah seized him with the seizing of One Mighty and Powerful.' This is as Allah says, فَأَخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكَالَ الاٌّخِرَةِ وَالاٍّوْلَى ( So Allah seized him with punishment for his last and first transgression. ) ( 79:25 ) `Therefore, you will be even more deserving of destruction and ruin if you deny your Messenger, because your Messenger is more noble and a greater than Prophet Musa, the son of `Imran.' This has been reported from Ibn `Abbas and Mujahid. The Threat of the Day of Judgement Allah says, فَكَيْفَ تَتَّقُونَ إِن كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْماً يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَنَ شِيباً ( Then how can you proctect yourselves from the punishment, if you disbelieved, on a Day that will make the children gray-headed ) Ibn Jarir quoted in the recitation of Ibn Mas`ud: "How can you, O people, fear a Day that makes the children grey-headed, if you disbelieve in Allah and do not testify to Him" So the first interpretation would mean, `how can you attain safety for yourselves from the Day of this great horror if you disbelieve' It could imply the meaning, `how can you all attain piety if you disbelieve in the Day of Judgement and reject it.' Both of these meanings are good.
However, the first interpretation is closer to the truth.
And Allah knows best.
The meaning of Allah's statement, يَوْماً يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَنَ شِيباً ( On a Day that will make the children gray-headed ) is that this will happen due to the severity of its horrors, its earth- quakes and its distur- bing confusion.
This is when Allah will say to Adam, "Send a group to the Fire." Adam will say, "How many" Allah will then reply, "From every thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine to the Fire, and one to Paradise." Then Allah says, السَّمَآءُ مُنفَطِرٌ بِهِ ( Whereon the heaven will be cleft asunder ) Al-Hasan and Qatadah both said, "This means, because of it ( the Day of Judge- ment ), due to its severity and its horror." Then Allah says, كَانَ وَعْدُهُ مَفْعُولاً ( His promise is certainly to be accomplished. ) meaning, the promise of this Day will be fulfilled.
This means it will occur and there is no way around it, and it will come to pass and there is no avoiding it.

( Then how ) will you ward off disbelief, idolatry and indecencies, O people of Mecca ( if ye disbelieve ) in the life of the world, ( will ye protect yourselves upon the day ) the Day of Judgement ( which will turn children grey ) when they hear Allah say to Adam: O Adam! Send a group from your progeny to the Fire. Adam will say: O Lord! How many? Allah will say: From every one thousand, send 999 to the Fire and one person to the Garden,

Then how can you avoid the punishment, if you disbelieve, on a Day that will make the children grey-headed (i.e. the Day of Resurrection)?

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