Surah Baqarah ayat 37 Tafsir Quran 2:37

﴿فَتَلَقَّىٰ آدَمُ مِن رَّبِّهِ كَلِمَاتٍ فَتَابَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ﴾
[ البقرة: 37]

2:37 Then Adam received from his Lord [some] words, and He accepted his repentance. Indeed, it is He who is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful.

Thereafter Adam received certain words from his Lord with which He inspired him a variant reading of Ādamu has accusative Ādama and nominative kalimātu meaning they the words came to him and these were those of the verse Lord we have wronged ourselves Q. 723 with which he supplicated and He relented to him that is He accepted his repentance; truly He is the Relenting to His servants the Merciful to them.

Prompted by the sense of guilt, Adam felt shame, but because guilt did not reside in the intention, Allah in mercy inspired him with a prayer for invoking His forgiveness, and in turn did Allah give up resentment against him and pardon his offence: it is He Who always accepts true repentance and the atonement made by the people, He is AL-Rahim

Adam repents and supplicates to Allah It was reported that the above Ayah is explained by Allah's statement, قَالاَ رَبَّنَا ظَلَمْنَآ أَنفُسَنَا وَإِن لَّمْ تَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَتَرْحَمْنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخَـسِرِينَ ( They said: "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves.
If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers." ) ( 7:23 ) as Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi, Khaلlid bin Ma`dan, `Ata' Al-Khurasani and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam have stated.
As-Suddi said that Ibn `Abbas commented on, فَتَلَقَّى ءَادَمُ مِن رَّبِّهِ كَلِمَاتٍ ( Then Adam received from his Lord Words ) "Adam said, `O Lord! Did You not created me with Your Own Hands' He said, `Yes.' He said, `And blow life into me' He said, `Yes.' He said, `And when I sneezed, You said, `May Allah grant you His mercy.' Does not Your mercy precede Your anger' He was told, `Yes.' Adam said, `And You destined me to commit this evil act' He was told, `Yes.' He said, `If I repent, will You send me back to Paradise' Allah said, `Yes."' Similar is reported from Al-`Awfi, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Sa`id bin Ma`bad, and Ibn `Abbas.
Al-Hakim recorded this Hadith in his Mustadrak from Ibn Jubayr, who narrated it from Ibn `Abbas.
Al-Hakim said, "Its chain is Sahih and they ( Al-Bukhari and Muslim ) did not record it." Allah's statement, إِنَّهُ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ ( Verily, He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance ), the Most Merciful) ( 2:37 ) means that Allah forgives whoever regrets his error and returns to Him in repentance.
This meaning is similar to Allah's statements, أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ ( Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants ) ( 9:104 ), وَمَن يَعْمَلْ سُوءاً أَوْ يَظْلِمْ نَفْسَهُ ( And whoever does evil or wrongs himself ) ( 4:110 ) and وَمَن تَابَ وَعَمِلَ صَـلِحاً ( And whosoever repents and does righteous good deeds ) ( 25:71 ). The Ayat mentioned above, testify to the fact that Allah forgives the sins of whoever repents, demonstrating His kindness and mercy towards His creation and servants.
There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful.

(2:37) At that time Adam learnt appropriate words from his Lord and repented, *51 and his Lord accepted his repentance, for He is very Relenting and very Merciful. *52

Then Adam received from his Lord [some] meaning

*51).
This means that when Adam became conscious of his act of sin and wanted to return from his state of disobedience to that of obedience, and when he tried to seek remission for his sin from God, he was unable to find the words to use in his prayer to God.
In His Mercy God taught him the words with which he could pray.

The word tawbah basically denotes 'to come back, to turn towards someone'.
Tawbah, on the part of man, signifies that he has given up his attitude of disobedience and has returned to submission and obedience to God.
The same word used in respect of God means that He has mercifully turned towards His repentant servant so that the latter has once more become an object of His compassionate attention.

*52).
The Qur'an refutes the doctrine that certain consequences necessarily follow from sins and that man must in all cases bear them.
In fact this is one of the most misleading doctrines to have been invented by human imagination.
If it were true it would mean that a sinner would never have the opportunity to have his repentance accepted.
It is a mechanistic view of reward and punishment and thus prevents and discourages the sinner from trying to improve.

The Qur'an, on the contrary, tells man that reward for good actions and punishment for bad ones rests entirely with God.
The reward that one receives for good acts is not the natural consequence of those acts; it is rather due to the grace and benevolence of God and it is entirely up to Him to reward one or not.
Likewise, punishment for evil deeds is not a natural and unalterable consequence of man's acts.
God has full authority to punish man for his sin as well as to pardon him.

God's grace and mercy, however, are interrelated with His wisdom.
Since He is wise, He does not use His power arbitrarily.
Hence, whenever God rewards a man for his good acts, He does so because the good was done with purity of intention and for the sake of pleasing God.
And if God refuses to accept an act of apparent goodness, He does so because that act had merely the form or appearance of goodness, and was not motivated by the desire to please God.

In the same way God punishes man for those sins which he commits with rebellious bolness, and which whet his appetite for more rather than lead him to repentance.
Similarly, in His mercy God pardons those sins which are followed by genuine repentance and readiness on the part of the sinner to reform himself.
There is no need for the criminal to despair of God's grace and mercy, no matter how great a criminal he is.
Nor is there any reason for even the most rabid disbeliever to despair, provided he recognizes his error, repents of his disobedience and is ready to replace his former disobedience with obedience.

 

Adam repents and supplicates to Allah It was reported that the above Ayah is explained by Allah's statement, قَالاَ رَبَّنَا ظَلَمْنَآ أَنفُسَنَا وَإِن لَّمْ تَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَتَرْحَمْنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخَـسِرِينَ ( They said: "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves.
If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers." ) ( 7:23 ) as Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi, Khaلlid bin Ma`dan, `Ata' Al-Khurasani and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam have stated.
As-Suddi said that Ibn `Abbas commented on, فَتَلَقَّى ءَادَمُ مِن رَّبِّهِ كَلِمَاتٍ ( Then Adam received from his Lord Words ) "Adam said, `O Lord! Did You not created me with Your Own Hands' He said, `Yes.' He said, `And blow life into me' He said, `Yes.' He said, `And when I sneezed, You said, `May Allah grant you His mercy.' Does not Your mercy precede Your anger' He was told, `Yes.' Adam said, `And You destined me to commit this evil act' He was told, `Yes.' He said, `If I repent, will You send me back to Paradise' Allah said, `Yes."' Similar is reported from Al-`Awfi, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Sa`id bin Ma`bad, and Ibn `Abbas.
Al-Hakim recorded this Hadith in his Mustadrak from Ibn Jubayr, who narrated it from Ibn `Abbas.
Al-Hakim said, "Its chain is Sahih and they ( Al-Bukhari and Muslim ) did not record it." Allah's statement, إِنَّهُ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ ( Verily, He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance ), the Most Merciful) ( 2:37 ) means that Allah forgives whoever regrets his error and returns to Him in repentance.
This meaning is similar to Allah's statements, أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ ( Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants ) ( 9:104 ), وَمَن يَعْمَلْ سُوءاً أَوْ يَظْلِمْ نَفْسَهُ ( And whoever does evil or wrongs himself ) ( 4:110 ) and وَمَن تَابَ وَعَمِلَ صَـلِحاً ( And whosoever repents and does righteous good deeds ) ( 25:71 ). The Ayat mentioned above, testify to the fact that Allah forgives the sins of whoever repents, demonstrating His kindness and mercy towards His creation and servants.
There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful.

( Then Adam received from his Lord ) Adam learnt from his Lord, and it is said that he was taught and inspired with ( words ) so that they became a way for him and his progeny to repentance, ( and He relented towards him ), He forgave him. ( Indeed! He is the Relenting ), the One Who overlooks misdeeds, ( the Merciful ) towards any that dies repentant.

Then Adam received from his Lord Words. And his Lord pardoned him (accepted his repentance). Verily, He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance), the Most Merciful.

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