Surah Al Qamar ayat 45 Tafsir Quran 54:45

﴿سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ﴾
[ القمر: 45]

54:45 [Their] assembly will be defeated, and they will turn their backs [in retreat].

The host will truly be routed and turn its back to flee and so they were defeated at Badr and God’s Messenger s was granted victory over them.

This host of multitudinous Pagans and idolaters shall be beaten off and put to rout

The Story of Fir`awn and His People Allah the Exalted narrates to us the story of Fir`awn and his people.
A Messenger came to them from Allah, Musa supported by his brother Harun.
Their Messengers delivered good news if they believe, and a warning if they rejected the Message.
Allah supported Musa and Harun with tremendous miracles and great signs, but Fir`awn and his people rejected all of them.
Allah took them the way the All-Mighty, the All-Capable would; He destroyed them all leaving none surviving to tell the story of what happened to them.
Advising and Threatening the Quraysh Allah said, أَكُفَّـرُكُمْ ( Are your disbelievers ) meaning, `O idolators of the Quraysh,' خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أُوْلَـئِكُمْ ( better than these ) meaning better than the nations that were mentioned here, who were destroyed on account of their disbelief in the Messengers and rejecting the Scriptures.
`Are you better than these' أَمْ لَكُم بَرَآءَةٌ فِى الزُّبُرِ ( Or have you immunity in the Divine Scriptures ), `do you have immunity from Allah that the torment and punishment will not touch you' Allah said about the Quraysh, أَمْ يَقُولُونَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعٌ مُّنتَصِرٌ ( Or say they: "We are a great multitude, victorious" ) stating that they believed they will support each other and their great gathering will avail them against those who intend to harm them.
Allah the Exalted responded, سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ ( Their multitude will be put to flight, and they will show their backs. ) affirming that their gathering shall scatter, and they shall be defeated.
Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "The Prophet , while in a dome-shaped tent on the day of the battle of Badr, said,
«أَنْشُدُكَ عَهْدَكَ وَوَعْدَكَ، اللْهُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ تُعْبَدْ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَبَدًا»
( O Allah! I ask you for the fulfillment of Your covenant and promise.
O Allah! If You wish (to destroy the believers ), You will never be worshipped on the earth after today.) Abu Bakr caught him by the hand and said, `This is sufficient, O Allah's Messenger! You have sufficiently asked and petitioned Allah.' The Prophet was clad in his armor at that time and went out, saying, سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ - بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ ( Their multitude will be put to flight and they will show their backs.
Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time and that Hour will be more grievous and more bitter. )" Al-Bukhari also recorded that Yusuf bin Mahak said, "I was with the Mother of the faithful, `A'ishah, when she said, `When I was still a young playful girl in Makkah, this Ayah was revealed to Muhammad ﷺ, بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ ( Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time and that Hour will be more grievous and more bitter. )" This is the abridged narration that Al-Bukhari collected, but he also collected a longer narration of it in the Book of the Virtues of the Qur'an.
Muslim did not collect this Hadith. إِنَّ الْمُجْرِمِينَ فِى ضَلَـلٍ وَسُعُرٍ - يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِى النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُواْ مَسَّ سَقَرَ

(54:45) Soon shall this legion be routed and shall turn their backs and flee.  *24

[Their] assembly will be defeated, and they meaning

*24) This is a specific prophecy that was made five years before the hijrah, saying that the hosts of the Quraish who waxed proud of their strength would soon be put to rout by the Muslims.
At that time no one could imagine how such a revolution would take place in the near future.
Such was the helplessness of the Muslims that a group of them had already left the country and taken refuge in Habash and the rest of the believers lay besieged in Shi'b Abi Talib, and were being starved by the Quraish boycott and siege.
Under such conditions no one could imagine that within only the ncxt seven years the tables were going to tnrn.
_~nmah.
the pupil of Hadrat 'Ahdullah bin 'Abbas, has related that Hadrat 'Umar used to say : " When this verse of Surah Al-Qamar was sent down.
I wondered what hosts it is that would be routed.
But when in the Battle of Badr the pagan Quraish were routed and they were fleeing from the battlefieled, I saw the Messenger of AIIah in his armour rushing forward and reciting this verse: Sa-yuhzam-al -jam'u yuwallun-ad-dubur Then only did I realize that this was the defeat that had been foretold. " ( Ibn Jarir, Ibn Abi Hatim ).

 

The Story of Fir`awn and His People Allah the Exalted narrates to us the story of Fir`awn and his people.
A Messenger came to them from Allah, Musa supported by his brother Harun.
Their Messengers delivered good news if they believe, and a warning if they rejected the Message.
Allah supported Musa and Harun with tremendous miracles and great signs, but Fir`awn and his people rejected all of them.
Allah took them the way the All-Mighty, the All-Capable would; He destroyed them all leaving none surviving to tell the story of what happened to them.
Advising and Threatening the Quraysh Allah said, أَكُفَّـرُكُمْ ( Are your disbelievers ) meaning, `O idolators of the Quraysh,' خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أُوْلَـئِكُمْ ( better than these ) meaning better than the nations that were mentioned here, who were destroyed on account of their disbelief in the Messengers and rejecting the Scriptures.
`Are you better than these' أَمْ لَكُم بَرَآءَةٌ فِى الزُّبُرِ ( Or have you immunity in the Divine Scriptures ), `do you have immunity from Allah that the torment and punishment will not touch you' Allah said about the Quraysh, أَمْ يَقُولُونَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعٌ مُّنتَصِرٌ ( Or say they: "We are a great multitude, victorious" ) stating that they believed they will support each other and their great gathering will avail them against those who intend to harm them.
Allah the Exalted responded, سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ ( Their multitude will be put to flight, and they will show their backs. ) affirming that their gathering shall scatter, and they shall be defeated.
Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "The Prophet , while in a dome-shaped tent on the day of the battle of Badr, said, «أَنْشُدُكَ عَهْدَكَ وَوَعْدَكَ، اللْهُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ تُعْبَدْ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَبَدًا» ( O Allah! I ask you for the fulfillment of Your covenant and promise.
O Allah! If You wish (to destroy the believers ), You will never be worshipped on the earth after today.) Abu Bakr caught him by the hand and said, `This is sufficient, O Allah's Messenger! You have sufficiently asked and petitioned Allah.' The Prophet was clad in his armor at that time and went out, saying, سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ - بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ ( Their multitude will be put to flight and they will show their backs.
Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time and that Hour will be more grievous and more bitter. )" Al-Bukhari also recorded that Yusuf bin Mahak said, "I was with the Mother of the faithful, `A'ishah, when she said, `When I was still a young playful girl in Makkah, this Ayah was revealed to Muhammad ﷺ, بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ ( Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time and that Hour will be more grievous and more bitter. )" This is the abridged narration that Al-Bukhari collected, but he also collected a longer narration of it in the Book of the Virtues of the Qur'an.
Muslim did not collect this Hadith. إِنَّ الْمُجْرِمِينَ فِى ضَلَـلٍ وَسُعُرٍ - يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِى النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُواْ مَسَّ سَقَرَ

( The hosts ) the hosts of the disbelieving ( will all be routed ) on the Day of Badr ( and will turn and flee ) defeated; this refers to Abu Jahl and his host, some of whom were killed on the Day of Badr and others defeated.

Their multitude will be put to flight, and they will show their backs.

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