Surah shura ayat 51 Tafsir Quran 42:51

﴿۞ وَمَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَن يُكَلِّمَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَّا وَحْيًا أَوْ مِن وَرَاءِ حِجَابٍ أَوْ يُرْسِلَ رَسُولًا فَيُوحِيَ بِإِذْنِهِ مَا يَشَاءُ ۚ إِنَّهُ عَلِيٌّ حَكِيمٌ﴾
[ الشورى: 51]

42:51 And it is not for any human being that Allah should speak to him except by revelation or from behind a partition or that He sends a messenger to reveal, by His permission, what He wills. Indeed, He is Most High and Wise.

And it is not possible for any human that God should speak to him except that He should reveal to him by revelation in sleep or by inspiration or except from behind a veil where He makes the person able to hear His speech but without seeing Him — as was the case with Moses peace be upon him; or except that He should send a messenger an angel such as Gabriel and he the messenger then reveals to the person to whom he has been sent that is to say and then he speaks to him with His permission that is God’s whatever He God will. Truly He is Exalted above the attributes of created beings Wise in His actions.

No human would qualify to be spoken to directly by Allah without the intervention of a medium, nor is it befitting; but only by inspiration or vision, or from behind a veil or through a spirit who would actuate him with what Allah has ordained and with what He will; He is indeed ?Aliyun (Supreme) above all and beyond all and He is Hakimun (the Source of wisdom and wise mysterious dispensations)

How the Revelation comes down This refers to how Allah sends revelation.
Sometimes He casts something into the heart of the Prophet , and he has no doubt that it is from Allah, as it was reported in Sahih Ibn Hibban that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
«إِنَّ رُوْحَ الْقُدُسِ نَفَثَ فِي رُوعِي أَنَّ نَفْسًا لَنْ تَمُوتَ حَتْى تَسْتَكْمِلَ رِزْقَهَا وَأَجَلَهَا، فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ وَأَجْمِلُوا فِي الطَّلَب»
( Ar-Ruh Al-Qudus i.e., Jibril breathed into my heart that no soul will die until its allotted provision and time have expired, so have Taqwa of Allah and keep seeking in a good (and lawful ) way.) أَوْ مِن وَرَآءِ حِجَابٍ ( or from behind a veil ) -- as He spoke to Musa, peace be upon him.
He asked to see Him after He had spoken to him, but this was not granted to him.
In the Sahih, it recorded that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Jabir bin `Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him:
«مَا كَلَّمَ اللهُ أَحَدًا إِلَّا مِنْ وَرَاءِ حِجَابٍ، وَإِنَّهُ كَلَّمَ أَبَاكَ كِفَاحًا»
( Allah never speaks to anyone except from behind a veil, but He spoke to your father directly. ) This is how it was stated in the Hadith.
He Jabir's father was killed on the day of Uhud, but this refers to the realm of Al-Barzakh, whereas the Ayah speaks of this earthly realm. أَوْ يُرْسِلَ رَسُولاً فَيُوحِىَ بِإِذْنِهِ مَا يَشَآءُ ( or (that ) He sends a Messenger to reveal what He wills by His leave.) as Jibril, peace be upon him, and other angels came down to the Prophets, peace be upon them. إِنَّهُ عَلِىٌّ حَكِيمٌ ( Verily, He is Most High, Most Wise. ) He is Most High, All-Knowing, Most Wise. وَكَذَلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ رُوحاً مِّنْ أَمْرِنَا ( And thus We have sent to you Ruh of Our command. ) means, the Qur'an. مَا كُنتَ تَدْرِى مَا الْكِتَـبُ وَلاَ الإِيمَـنُ ( You knew not what is the Book, nor what is Faith. ) means, `in the details which were given to you in the Qur'an.' وَلَـكِن جَعَلْنَـهُ ( But We have made it ) means, the Qur'an, نُوراً نَّهْدِى بِهِ مَن نَّشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا ( a light wherewith We guide whosoever of Our servants We will.
) This is like the Ayah: قُلْ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ هُدًى وَشِفَآءٌ وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ فِى ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرٌ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَمًى ( Say: "It is for those who believe, a guide and a healing.
And as for those who disbelieve, there is heaviness (deafness ) in their ears, and it ( the Qur'an ) is blindness for them.") ( 41:44 ). وَأَنَّكَ ( And verily, you ) means, `O Muhammad,' لَتَهْدِى إِلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ ( are indeed guiding to a straight path. ) means, the correct behavior.
Then Allah explains this further by saying: صِرَطِ اللَّهِ ( The path of Allah ) meaning, His Laws which He enjoins. الَّذِى لَهُ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ ( to Whom belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth. ) means, their Lord and Sovereign, the One Who is controlling and ruling them, Whose decree cannot be overturned. أَلاَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَصِيرُ الاٍّمُورُ ( Verily, all matters at the end go to Allah. ) means, all matters come back to Him and He issues judgement concerning them.
Glorified and exalted be He far above all that the evildoers and deniers say.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Ash-Shura

(42:51) It *78 is not given to any human being that Allah should speak to him except through revelation, *79 or from behind a veil, *80 or that a messenger (an angel) be sent to him who reveals to him by Allah's leave whatever He wishes. *81 He is All-High, Most Wise. *82

And it is not for any human meaning

*78) In conclusion, the same theme with which the discourse began has been reiterated.
To understand it fully, please see the first verse of this Surah and the E.N.
on it.

*79) Here, wahi means to inspire somebody with something, or to show something to somebody in a vision as were the Prophets Abraham and Joseph shown, ( Yusuf: 4, 100; As-Saaffat: 102 ).

*80) That is, " One may hear a voice without seeing the speaker, just as it happened in the case of the Prophet Moses when he suddenly began to hear a voice from a tree on Mount Tur, while the Speaker was hidden from him. " ( Ta Ha: 11-48, An-Naml: 8-12, Al-Qasas: 30 35 ).

*81) This is the form of wahi by which all Divine Scriptures have actually reached the Prophets of Allah.
Some people have misinterpreted this sentence and given it this meaning Allah sends a messenger who by His Command conveys His message to the common people." But the words of the Qur'an fa-yuhiya biidhni-hi ma yasha'u ( then He reveals by His Command whatever He wills ) show that this interpretation is absolutely wrong.
The Prophets' preaching before the common people has neither been called wahi anywhere in the Qur'an, nor is there any room in Arabic for describing a man's speaking to another man openly by the word wahi'.
Lexically, wahi means secret and swift instruction.
Only an ignorant person will apply this word to the common preaching by the Prophets.

 

How the Revelation comes down This refers to how Allah sends revelation.
Sometimes He casts something into the heart of the Prophet , and he has no doubt that it is from Allah, as it was reported in Sahih Ibn Hibban that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «إِنَّ رُوْحَ الْقُدُسِ نَفَثَ فِي رُوعِي أَنَّ نَفْسًا لَنْ تَمُوتَ حَتْى تَسْتَكْمِلَ رِزْقَهَا وَأَجَلَهَا، فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ وَأَجْمِلُوا فِي الطَّلَب» ( Ar-Ruh Al-Qudus i.e., Jibril breathed into my heart that no soul will die until its allotted provision and time have expired, so have Taqwa of Allah and keep seeking in a good (and lawful ) way.) أَوْ مِن وَرَآءِ حِجَابٍ ( or from behind a veil ) -- as He spoke to Musa, peace be upon him.
He asked to see Him after He had spoken to him, but this was not granted to him.
In the Sahih, it recorded that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Jabir bin `Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him: «مَا كَلَّمَ اللهُ أَحَدًا إِلَّا مِنْ وَرَاءِ حِجَابٍ، وَإِنَّهُ كَلَّمَ أَبَاكَ كِفَاحًا» ( Allah never speaks to anyone except from behind a veil, but He spoke to your father directly. ) This is how it was stated in the Hadith.
He Jabir's father was killed on the day of Uhud, but this refers to the realm of Al-Barzakh, whereas the Ayah speaks of this earthly realm. أَوْ يُرْسِلَ رَسُولاً فَيُوحِىَ بِإِذْنِهِ مَا يَشَآءُ ( or (that ) He sends a Messenger to reveal what He wills by His leave.) as Jibril, peace be upon him, and other angels came down to the Prophets, peace be upon them. إِنَّهُ عَلِىٌّ حَكِيمٌ ( Verily, He is Most High, Most Wise. ) He is Most High, All-Knowing, Most Wise. وَكَذَلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ رُوحاً مِّنْ أَمْرِنَا ( And thus We have sent to you Ruh of Our command. ) means, the Qur'an. مَا كُنتَ تَدْرِى مَا الْكِتَـبُ وَلاَ الإِيمَـنُ ( You knew not what is the Book, nor what is Faith. ) means, `in the details which were given to you in the Qur'an.' وَلَـكِن جَعَلْنَـهُ ( But We have made it ) means, the Qur'an, نُوراً نَّهْدِى بِهِ مَن نَّشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا ( a light wherewith We guide whosoever of Our servants We will.
) This is like the Ayah: قُلْ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ هُدًى وَشِفَآءٌ وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ فِى ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرٌ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَمًى ( Say: "It is for those who believe, a guide and a healing.
And as for those who disbelieve, there is heaviness (deafness ) in their ears, and it ( the Qur'an ) is blindness for them.") ( 41:44 ). وَأَنَّكَ ( And verily, you ) means, `O Muhammad,' لَتَهْدِى إِلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ ( are indeed guiding to a straight path. ) means, the correct behavior.
Then Allah explains this further by saying: صِرَطِ اللَّهِ ( The path of Allah ) meaning, His Laws which He enjoins. الَّذِى لَهُ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ ( to Whom belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth. ) means, their Lord and Sovereign, the One Who is controlling and ruling them, Whose decree cannot be overturned. أَلاَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَصِيرُ الاٍّمُورُ ( Verily, all matters at the end go to Allah. ) means, all matters come back to Him and He issues judgement concerning them.
Glorified and exalted be He far above all that the evildoers and deniers say.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Ash-Shura

( And it was not (vouchsafed )) it was not permissible ( to any mortal that Allah should speak to him ) directly without a veil ( unless (it be ) by revelation) in dream ( or from behind a veil ) as when He spoke with Moses ( pbuh ) ( or (that ) He sendeth a messenger) i.e. Gabriel, such as when He sent him to the Prophet Muhammad ( pbuh ) ( to reveal what He will ) of commands and prohibitions ( by His leave ) by His command. ( Lo! He is Exalted ) more exalted than all created beings, ( Wise ) in His command and decree.

It is not given to any human being that Allah should speak to him unless (it be) by Inspiration, or from behind a veil, or (that) He sends a Messenger to reveal what He wills by His Leave. Verily, He is Most High, Most Wise.

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