Surah Al Isra ayat 8 Tafsir Quran 17:8

﴿عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمْ أَن يَرْحَمَكُمْ ۚ وَإِنْ عُدتُّمْ عُدْنَا ۘ وَجَعَلْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ حَصِيرًا﴾
[ الإسراء: 8]

17:8 [Then Allah said], "It is expected, [if you repent], that your Lord will have mercy upon you. But if you return [to sin], We will return [to punishment]. And We have made Hell, for the disbelievers, a prison-bed."

And We said in the Scripture It may be that your Lord will have mercy upon you after the second time if you were to repent; but if you revert to working corruption We too will revert to punishment. And assuredly they did revert by denying the Prophet s and so he was given power over them through the slaying of the Banū Qurayza the expulsion of the Banū Nadīr and the exacting of the jizya-tax from them; and We have made Hell a dungeon for the disbelievers a place of detention and a prison for them.

May Allah, your Creator have mercy on you; but should you resume your iniquities, We will in turn resume Our retributive punishment. We have made Hell for the infidels the dungeons grim confines

It was mentioned in the Tawrah that the Jews would spread Mischief twice Allah tells us that He made a declaration to the Children of Israel in the Scripture, meaning that He had already told them in the Book which He revealed to them, that they would cause mischief on the earth twice, and would become tyrants and extremely arrogant, meaning they would become shameless oppressors of people, Allah says: وَقَضَيْنَآ إِلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ الاٌّمْرَ أَنَّ دَابِرَ هَـؤُلآْءِ مَقْطُوعٌ مُّصْبِحِينَ ( And We made known this decree to him, that the root of those (sinners ) was to be cut off in the early morning.)( 15:66 ), meaning, We already told him about that and informed him of it. The First Episode of Mischief caused by the Jews, and their Punishment for it فَإِذَا جَآءَ وَعْدُ أُولَـهُمَا ( So, when the promise came for the first of the two ) meaning the first of the two episodes of mischief. بَعَثْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ عِبَادًا لَّنَآ أُوْلِى بَأْسٍ شَدِيدٍ ( We sent against you servants of Ours given to terrible warfare. ) means, `We unleashed soldiers against you from among Our creatures who were given to terrible warfare,' i.e., they had great strength and weapons and power.
They entered the very innermost parts of your homes, meaning they took possession of your land and invaded the very innermost parts of your homes, going between and through your houses, coming and going freely with no fear of anyone.
This was the promise ( completely ) fulfilled.
The earlier and later commentators differed over the identity of these invaders.
Many Isra'iliyyat ( reports from Jewish sources ) were narrated about this, but I did not want to make this book too long by mentioning them, because some of them are fabricated, concocted by their heretics, and others may be true, but we have no need of them, praise be to Allah.
What Allah has told us in His Book ( the Qur'an ) is sufficient and we have no need of what is in the other books that came before.
Neither Allah nor His Messenger required us to refer to them.
Allah told His Messenger that when ( the Jews ) committed transgression and aggression, Allah gave their enemies power over them to destroy their country and enter the innermost parts of their homes.
Their humiliation and subjugation was a befitting punishment, and your Lord is never unfair or unjust to His servants.
They had rebelled and killed many of the Prophets and scholars.
Ibn Jarir recorded that Yahya bin Sa`id said: "I heard Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib saying: `Nebuchadnezzar conquered Ash-Sham ( Greater Syria, including Palestine ), destroying Jerusalem and killing them, then he came to Damascus and found blood boiling in a censer.
He asked them: What is this blood They said: We found our forefathers doing this.
Because of that blood, he killed seventy thousand of the believers and others, then the blood stopped boiling.
This report is Sahih from Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib, and this event is well-known, as he ( Nebuchadnezzar ) killed their nobles and scholars, and did not leave alive anyone who knew the Tawrah by heart.
He took many prisoners from the sons of the Prophets and others, and did many other things that would take too long to mention here.
If we had found anything that was correct or close enough, we could have written it and reported it here.
And Allah knows best.
Then Allah says: إِنْ أَحْسَنتُمْ أَحْسَنتُمْ لاًّنفُسِكُمْ وَإِنْ أَسَأْتُمْ فَلَهَا ( (And We said ): "If you do good, you do good for your own selves, and if you do evil ( you do it ) against yourselves.") As Allah says elsewhere: مَّنْ عَمِلَ صَـلِحاً فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيْهَا ( Whosoever does a righteous good deed, it is for (the benefit of ) himself; and whosoever does evil, it is against himself.) 45:15 The Second Episode of Mischief Then Allah says: فَإِذَا جَآءَ وَعْدُ الاٌّخِرَةِ ( Then, when the second promise came to pass, ) meaning, the second episode of mischief, when your enemies came again, لِيَسُوءُواْ وُجُوهَكُمْ ( (We permitted your enemies ) to disgrace your faces) meaning, to humiliate you and subdue you, وَلِيَدْخُلُواْ الْمَسْجِدَ ( and to enter the Masjid ) meaning, Bayt Al-Maqdis ( Jerusalem ). كَمَا دَخَلُوهُ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ ( as they had entered it before, ) when they entered the very innermost parts of your homes. وَلِيُتَبِّرُواْ ( and to destroy ) wrecking and inflicting ruin upon it. مَا عَلَوْاْ ( all that fell in their hands. ) everything they could get their hands on. تَتْبِيرًاعَسَى رَبُّكُمْ أَن يَرْحَمَكُمْ ( with utter destruction.
It may be that your Lord may show mercy unto you ) meaning that He may rid you of them. وَإِنْ عُدتُّمْ عُدْنَا ( but if you return (to sins ), We shall return ( to Our punishment ).) meaning, if you return to causing mischief, عُدْنَا ( We shall return ) means, We `will once again punish you in this world, along with the punishment and torment We save for you in the Hereafter.' وَجَعَلْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَـفِرِينَ حَصِيرًا ( And We have made Hell a prison Hasir for the disbelievers. ) meaning, a place of permanent detention, a prison which cannot be avoided or escaped.
Ibn `Abbas said, "Hasir here means a jail." Mujahid said, "They will be detained in it." Others said like- wise.
Al-Hasan said, "Hasir means a bed of Fire." Qatadah said: "The Children of Israel returned to aggres- sion, so Allah sent this group against them, Muhammad ﷺ and his companions, who made them pay the Jizyah, with willing submission, and feeling themselves subdued."

(17:8) Now again your Lord may show compassion on you; but if you again repeat your former behaviour; We will again visit you with. Our punishment, for We have prepared Hell to serve as a prison-house for the ungrateful people. *10

[Then Allah said], "It is expected, [if meaning

*10) Though this admonition has been given as a parenthesis at the end of the address to the children of Israel, it does not mean that this and the address itself are solely meant for them.
As a chatter of fact, the whole address is really directed towards the disbelievers of Makkah but, instead of addressing them directly, some important historical events from the history of the children of Israel have been cited in order to serve as admonition for them.

 

It was mentioned in the Tawrah that the Jews would spread Mischief twice Allah tells us that He made a declaration to the Children of Israel in the Scripture, meaning that He had already told them in the Book which He revealed to them, that they would cause mischief on the earth twice, and would become tyrants and extremely arrogant, meaning they would become shameless oppressors of people, Allah says: وَقَضَيْنَآ إِلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ الاٌّمْرَ أَنَّ دَابِرَ هَـؤُلآْءِ مَقْطُوعٌ مُّصْبِحِينَ ( And We made known this decree to him, that the root of those (sinners ) was to be cut off in the early morning.)( 15:66 ), meaning, We already told him about that and informed him of it. The First Episode of Mischief caused by the Jews, and their Punishment for it فَإِذَا جَآءَ وَعْدُ أُولَـهُمَا ( So, when the promise came for the first of the two ) meaning the first of the two episodes of mischief. بَعَثْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ عِبَادًا لَّنَآ أُوْلِى بَأْسٍ شَدِيدٍ ( We sent against you servants of Ours given to terrible warfare. ) means, `We unleashed soldiers against you from among Our creatures who were given to terrible warfare,' i.e., they had great strength and weapons and power.
They entered the very innermost parts of your homes, meaning they took possession of your land and invaded the very innermost parts of your homes, going between and through your houses, coming and going freely with no fear of anyone.
This was the promise ( completely ) fulfilled.
The earlier and later commentators differed over the identity of these invaders.
Many Isra'iliyyat ( reports from Jewish sources ) were narrated about this, but I did not want to make this book too long by mentioning them, because some of them are fabricated, concocted by their heretics, and others may be true, but we have no need of them, praise be to Allah.
What Allah has told us in His Book ( the Qur'an ) is sufficient and we have no need of what is in the other books that came before.
Neither Allah nor His Messenger required us to refer to them.
Allah told His Messenger that when ( the Jews ) committed transgression and aggression, Allah gave their enemies power over them to destroy their country and enter the innermost parts of their homes.
Their humiliation and subjugation was a befitting punishment, and your Lord is never unfair or unjust to His servants.
They had rebelled and killed many of the Prophets and scholars.
Ibn Jarir recorded that Yahya bin Sa`id said: "I heard Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib saying: `Nebuchadnezzar conquered Ash-Sham ( Greater Syria, including Palestine ), destroying Jerusalem and killing them, then he came to Damascus and found blood boiling in a censer.
He asked them: What is this blood They said: We found our forefathers doing this.
Because of that blood, he killed seventy thousand of the believers and others, then the blood stopped boiling.
This report is Sahih from Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib, and this event is well-known, as he ( Nebuchadnezzar ) killed their nobles and scholars, and did not leave alive anyone who knew the Tawrah by heart.
He took many prisoners from the sons of the Prophets and others, and did many other things that would take too long to mention here.
If we had found anything that was correct or close enough, we could have written it and reported it here.
And Allah knows best.
Then Allah says: إِنْ أَحْسَنتُمْ أَحْسَنتُمْ لاًّنفُسِكُمْ وَإِنْ أَسَأْتُمْ فَلَهَا ( (And We said ): "If you do good, you do good for your own selves, and if you do evil ( you do it ) against yourselves.") As Allah says elsewhere: مَّنْ عَمِلَ صَـلِحاً فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيْهَا ( Whosoever does a righteous good deed, it is for (the benefit of ) himself; and whosoever does evil, it is against himself.) 45:15 The Second Episode of Mischief Then Allah says: فَإِذَا جَآءَ وَعْدُ الاٌّخِرَةِ ( Then, when the second promise came to pass, ) meaning, the second episode of mischief, when your enemies came again, لِيَسُوءُواْ وُجُوهَكُمْ ( (We permitted your enemies ) to disgrace your faces) meaning, to humiliate you and subdue you, وَلِيَدْخُلُواْ الْمَسْجِدَ ( and to enter the Masjid ) meaning, Bayt Al-Maqdis ( Jerusalem ). كَمَا دَخَلُوهُ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ ( as they had entered it before, ) when they entered the very innermost parts of your homes. وَلِيُتَبِّرُواْ ( and to destroy ) wrecking and inflicting ruin upon it. مَا عَلَوْاْ ( all that fell in their hands. ) everything they could get their hands on. تَتْبِيرًاعَسَى رَبُّكُمْ أَن يَرْحَمَكُمْ ( with utter destruction.
It may be that your Lord may show mercy unto you ) meaning that He may rid you of them. وَإِنْ عُدتُّمْ عُدْنَا ( but if you return (to sins ), We shall return ( to Our punishment ).) meaning, if you return to causing mischief, عُدْنَا ( We shall return ) means, We `will once again punish you in this world, along with the punishment and torment We save for you in the Hereafter.' وَجَعَلْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَـفِرِينَ حَصِيرًا ( And We have made Hell a prison Hasir for the disbelievers. ) meaning, a place of permanent detention, a prison which cannot be avoided or escaped.
Ibn `Abbas said, "Hasir here means a jail." Mujahid said, "They will be detained in it." Others said like- wise.
Al-Hasan said, "Hasir means a bed of Fire." Qatadah said: "The Children of Israel returned to aggres- sion, so Allah sent this group against them, Muhammad ﷺ and his companions, who made them pay the Jizyah, with willing submission, and feeling themselves subdued."

( It may be that your Lord will have mercy on you ) after that, ( but if ye repeat (the crime ) We shall repeat ( the punishment )) it is also said that this means: if you return to doing good, We will return to bestowing mercy on you, ( and We have appointed hell a dungeon ) a prison and jail ( for the disbelievers ).

[And We said in the Taurat (Torah)]: "It may be that your Lord may show mercy unto you, but if you return (to sins), We shall return (to Our Punishment). And We have made Hell a prison for the disbelievers.

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