Surah Al Imran ayat 97 Tafsir Quran 3:97

﴿فِيهِ آيَاتٌ بَيِّنَاتٌ مَّقَامُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ۖ وَمَن دَخَلَهُ كَانَ آمِنًا ۗ وَلِلَّهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ حِجُّ الْبَيْتِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا ۚ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنِ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾
[ آل عمران: 97]

3:97 In it are clear signs [such as] the standing place of Abraham. And whoever enters it shall be safe. And [due] to Allah from the people is a pilgrimage to the House - for whoever is able to find thereto a way. But whoever disbelieves - then indeed, Allah is free from need of the worlds.

Therein are clear signs among which is the station of Abraham that is the stone upon which he stood to build the House and on which his footprints remain; and it the House has endured all this length of time and the constant passing of hands over it. Among these signs are the fact that the reward for good deeds is multiplied in it and that birds never fly over it; and whoever enters it is in security not liable therein to be killed or oppressed or otherwise. It is the duty of people towards God to make the pilgrimage to the House read either as hijj al-bayt or hajj al-bayt as two variants of the verbal noun from hajj meaning ‘the intention to journey there’ if he is able to make his way there man istatā‘a ilayhi sabīlan substitutes for al-nās ‘people’. The Prophet s explained this ability as having provisions and a ride as reported by al-Hākim al-Naysābūrī and others. As for the one who disbelieves in God or in what He has made obligatory with regard to the Pilgrimage God is Independent of all worlds the humans the jinn and the angels and is Independent of their devotions.

It is majestically dignified with outward and visible signs of an inward and spiritual grace including Ibrahim’s station where he performed the prescribed acts of devotion. Whoever comes into it shall have the privilege of a sanctuary; he comes to be vested with immunity from harm and liability. The pilgrimage to there is a duty incumbent on people; those of them who can afford to do homage and honour to Almighty Allah. He who refuses to acknowledge this religious rite must realize that Allah is Ghaniyun (independent) of all creation, Self Existent and Absolute

The Ka`bah is the First House of Worship Allah said, إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ ( Verily, the first House appointed for mankind ) for all people, for their acts of worship and religious rituals.
They go around the House in Tawaf, pray in its vicinity and remain in its area in I`tikaf. لَلَّذِى بِبَكَّةَ ( was that at Bakkah, ) meaning, the Ka`bah that was built by Ibrahim Al-Khalil, whose religion the Jews and Christians claim they follow.
However, they do not perform Hajj to the house that Ibrahim built by Allah's command, and to which he invited the people to perform Hajj.
Allah said next, i مُبَارَكاً ( full of blessing ), sanctified, وَهُدًى لِّلْعَـلَمِينَ ( and a guidance for Al-`Alamin. ) Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Dharr said; "I said, `O Allah's Messenger! Which Masjid was the first to be built on the surface of the earth' He said, `Al-Masjid Al-Haram ( in Makkah ).' I said, `Which was built next' He replied `Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa ( in Jerusalem ).' I said, `What was the period of time between building the two' He said, `Forty years.' He added,
«ثُمَّ حَيْثُ أَدْرَكْتَ الصَّلَاةَ فَصَلِّ، فَكُلُّهَا مَسْجِد»
( Wherever (you may be, and ) the prayer becomes due, perform the prayer there, for the whole earth was made a Masjid.)" Al-Bukhari and Muslim also collected this Hadith. The Names of Makkah, Such As `Bakkah Allah said, لَلَّذِى بِبَكَّةَ ( was that at Bakkah ), where Bakkah is one of the names of Makkah.
Bakkah means, `it brings Buka' ( crying, weeping ) to the tyrants and arrogant, meaning they cry and become humble in its vicinity.
It was also said that Makkah was called Bakkah because people do Buka next to it, meaning they gather around it.
There are many names for Makkah, such as Bakkah, Al-Bayt Al-`Atiq ( the Ancient House ), Al-Bayt Al-Haram ( the Sacred House ), Al-Balad Al-Amin ( the City of Safety ) and Al-Ma'mun ( Security ).
Makkah's names include Umm Rahm ( Mother of Mercy ), Umm Al-Qura ( Mother of the Towns ), Salah, as well as others. The Station of Ibrahim Allah's statement, فِيهِ ءَايَـتٌ بَيِّـنَـتٌ ( In it are manifest signs ) 3:97, means, clear signs that Ibrahim built the Ka`bah and that Allah has honored and blessed it.
Allah then said, مَّقَامِ إِبْرَهِيمَ ( the Maqam (station ) of Ibrahim) When the building the Ka`bah was raised, Ibrahim stood on; the Maqam so that he could raise the walls higher, while his son Isma`il was handing the stones to him.
We should mention that the Maqam used to be situated right next to the House.
Later, and during his reign, `Umar bin Al-Khattab moved the Maqam farther to the east, so that those who go around the House in Tawaf are able to perform it easily, without disturbing those who pray next to the Maqam after finishing their Tawaf.
Allah commanded us to pray next to the Maqam; وَاتَّخِذُواْ مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَهِيمَ مُصَلًّى ( And take you (people ) the Maqam ( station ) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer) 2:125. We mentioned the Hadiths about this subject before, and all the thanks are due to Allah.
Al-`Awfi said that, Ibn `Abbas commented on Allah's statement, فِيهِ ءَايَـتٌ بَيِّـنَـتٌ مَّقَامُ إِبْرَهِيمَ ( In it are manifest signs, the Maqam of Ibrahim; ) "Such as the Maqam and Al-Mash`ar Al-Haram." Mujahid said, "The impression of Ibrahim's feet remains on the Maqam as a clear sign." It was reported that `Umar bin `Abdul-`Aziz, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, As-Suddi, Muqatil bin Hayyan and others said similarly. Al-Haram, the Sacred Area, is a Safe Area Allah said, وَمَن دَخَلَهُ كَانَ ءَامِناً ( whosoever enters it, he attains security, ) 3:97 meaning, the Haram of Makkah is a safe refuge for those in a state of fear.
There in its vicinity, they will be safe, just as was the case during the time of Jahiliyyah.
Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "( During the time of Jahiliyyah ) a man would commit murder, then wear a piece of wool around his neck and enter the Haram.
And even when the son of the murdered person would meet him, he would not make a move against him, until he left the sanctuary." Allah said, أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْاْ أَنَّا جَعَلْنَا حَرَماً ءامِناً وَيُتَخَطَّفُ النَّاسُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِمْ ( Have they not seen that We have made (Makkah ) a secure sanctuary, while men are being snatched away from all around them) 29:67, and, فَلْيَعْبُدُواْ رَبَّ هَـذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِى أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَءَامَنَهُم مِّنْ خوْفٍ ( So let them worship (Allah ) the Lord of this House ( the Ka`bah ).
( He ) Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear) 106:3-4. It is not allowed for anyone to hunt in the Haram or to drive game out of its den to be hunted, or cut the trees in its vicinity, or pick its grass, as the Hadiths of the Prophet and the statements of the Companions testify.
The Two Sahihs recorded ( this being the wording of Muslim ) that Ibn `Abbas said, "On the day of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«لَا هِجْرَةَ، وَلــكِنْ جِهَادٌ وَنِيَّـةٌ، وَإِذَا اسْتُنْفِرْتُمْ فَانْفِرُوا»
( There is no more Hijrah (migration to Makkah ), only Jihad and good intention.
If you were mobilized, then march forth.) He also said on the day of the conquest of Makkah,
«إِنَّ هَذَا الْبَلَدَ حَرَّمَهُ اللهُ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَواتِ وَالْأَرْضَ، فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ بِحُرْمَةِ اللهِ إِلى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَحِلَّ الْقِتَالُ فِيهِ لأَحَدٍ قَبْلِي، وَلَمْ يَحِلَّ لِي إِلَّا فِي سَاعَةٍ مِنْ نَهَارٍ، فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ بِحُرْمَةِ اللهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، لَا يُعْضَدُ شَوْكُهُ، وُلَا يُنَفَّرُ صَيْدُهُ، وَلَا يَلْتَقِطُ لُقَطَتَهَا إِلَّا مَنْ عَرَّفَهَا، وَلَا يُخْتَلَى خَلَاهَا»
( Beware! Allah made this town (Makkah ) a sanctuary when He created the heavens and earth, and it is sacred by Allah's decree until the Day of Resurrection.
Fighting in Makkah was not permitted for anyone before me, and it was made legal for me for only a few hours or so on that day.
No doubt it is at this moment a sanctuary by Allah's decree until the Day of Resurrection.
It is not allowed to uproot its thorny shrubs, hunt its game, pick up its lost objects, except by announcing it, or to uproot its trees.) Al-`Abbas said, `Except the lemon grass, O Allah's Messenger, as they use it in their houses and graves.' The Prophet said:
«إِلَّا الْإِذْخِر»
( Except lemongrass )." The Two Sahihs also recorded that Abu Shurayh Al-`Adawi said that he said to `Amr bin Sa`id while he was sending the troops to Makkah ( to fight `Abdullah bin Az-Zubayr ), "O Commander! Allow me to tell you what Allah's Messenger ﷺ said on the day following the conquest of Makkah.
My ears heard it and my heart memorized it thoroughly, and I saw the Prophet with my own eyes when he, after glorifying and praising Allah, said,
«إِنَّ مَكَّةَ حَرَّمَهَا اللهُ، وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهَا النَّاسُ، فَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِى يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْفِكَ بِهَا دَمًا، وَلَا يَعْضِدَ بِهَا شَجَرَةً، فَإِنْ أَحَدٌ تَرَخَّصَ بِقِتَالِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى الله عليه وسلّم فِيهَا فَقُولُوا لَهُ: إِنَّ اللهَ أَذِنَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ لَكُمْ، وَإِنَّمَا أَذِنَ لِي فِيهَا سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ، وَقَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ فَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِب»
( Allah, not the people, made Makkah a sanctuary.
Therefore, anybody who has belief in Allah and the Last Day, should neither shed blood in it nor cut down its trees.
If anybody argues that fighting in it is permissible on the basis that Allah's Messenger ﷺ fought in Makkah, say to him, `Allah allowed His Messenger and did not allow you.' Allah allowed me only for a few hours on that day (of the conquest ), and today its sanctity is as valid as it was before.
So, those who are present, should inform those who are absent of this fact.)." Abu Shurayh was asked, "What did `Amr reply" He said that `Amr said, "O Abu Shurayh! I know better than you in this respect; Makkah does not give protection to a sinner, a murderer or a thief." Jabir bin `Abdullah said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying,
«لَا يَحِلُّ لِأَحَدِكُمْ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ بِمَكَّةَ السِّلَاح»
( None of you is allowed to carry a weapon in Makkah. ) Muslim recorded this Hadith. `Abdullah bin `Adi bin Al-Hamra' Az-Zuhri said that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say while standing at Al-Hazwarah in the marketplace of Makkah,
«وَاللهِ إِنَّكِ لَخَيْرُ أَرْضِ اللهِ، وَأَحَبُّ أَرْضِ اللهِ إِلَى اللهِ، وَلَوْلَا أَنِّي أُخْرِجْتُ مِنْكِ مَا خَرَجْت»
( By Allah! You are the best of Allah's land and the most beloved land to Allah.
Had it not been for the fact that I was driven out of you, I would not have left you. ) Imam Ahmad collected this Hadith and this is his wording.
At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah also collected it.
At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih." The Necessity of Performing Hajj Allah said, وَللَّهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ حِجُّ الْبَيْتِ مَنِ اسْتَطَـعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً ( And Hajj to the House is a duty that mankind owes to Allah, for those who are able to undertake the journey ) 3:97. This Ayah established the obligation of performing Hajj.
There are many Hadiths that mention it as one of the pillars and fundamentals of Islam, and this is agreed upon by the Muslims.
According to texts and the consensus of the scholars, it is only obligatory for the adult Muslim to perform it once during his lifetime.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ once gave a speech in which he said,
«أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ فُرِضَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْحَجُّ فَحُجُّوا»
( O people! Hajj has been enjoined on you, therefore, perform Hajj. ) A man asked, "Is it every year, O Allah's Messenger" The Prophet remained silent until the man repeated the question three times and he then said,
«لَوْ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ لَوَجَبَتْ وَلَمَا اسْتَطَعْتُم»
( Had I said yes, it would have become an obligation and you would not have been able to fulfill it. ) He said next,
«ذَرُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِكَثْرَةِ سُؤَالِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ، وَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ، وَإِذَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَدَعُوه»
( Leave me as I leave you, those before you were destroyed because of their many questions and disputing with their Prophets.
If I command you with something, perform it as much as you can.
If I forbid something for you, then refrain from it. ) Muslim recorded similarly. Meaning of `Afford' in the Ayah There are several categories of "the ability to under take the journey".
There is the physical ability of the person himself and the ability that is related to other things as mentioned in the books of jurisprudence.
Abu `Isa At-Tirmidhi recorded that Ibn `Umar said, "A man stood up and asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ `O Messenger of Allah! Who is the pilgrim' He said, `He who has untidy hair and clothes.' Another man asked, `Which Hajj is better, O Messenger of Allah' He said, `The noisy ( with supplication to Allah ) and bloody ( with sacrifice ).' Another man asked, `What is the ability to undertake the journey, O Messenger of Allah' He said, `Having provision and a means of transportation."' This is the narration that Ibn Majah collected.
Al-Hakim narrated that Anas said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about Allah's statement, مَنِ اسْتَطَـعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً ( for those who are able to undertake the journey; ) 3:97 "What does `able to undertake the journey' mean" The Prophet answered, "Having sufficient provision and a means of transportation." Al-Hakim stated that this Hadith's chain of narration is authentic, following the guidelines of Muslim in his Sahih, but the Two Sahihs did not collect it.
Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«مَنْ أَرَادَ الْحَجَّ فَلْيَتَعَجَّل»
( Whoever intends to perform Hajj, let him rush to perform it. ) Abu Dawud also collected this Hadith. The One who Denies the Necessity of Hajj Becomes a Disbeliever Allah said, وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ الله غَنِىٌّ عَنِ الْعَـلَمِينَ ( ...and whoever disbelieves, then Allah stands not in need of any of the `Alamin ) 3:97. Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and several others commented on this Ayah, "Whoever denies the necessity of Hajj becomes disbeliever, and Allah is far Richer than to need him." Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Al-Isma`ili recorded that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, "Whoever can afford Hajj but did not perform it, there is no difference in his case if he dies while Jew or Christian." This has an authentic chain of narration leading to `Umar.

(3:97) In it there are clear signs and the station of Abraham; *80 whoever enters it becomes secure. *81 Pilgrimage to the House is a duty owed to Allah by all who can make their way to it. As for those who refuse to follow His command, surely Allah does not stand in need of anything.

In it are clear signs [such as] meaning

*80).
Here it is stressed that there are several clear signs which prove that the Makkan sanctuary enjoys God's blessing and has been chosen by Him as His sanctuary.
Even though it is located in the middle of wide expanses of desert God has seen to it that its inhabitants enjoy a satisfactory living.
Although the rest of Arabia was plunged into chaos and disorder for about two and a half thousand years, peace and tranquillity reigned in both the precincts and the environs of the Ka'bah.
Thanks to the Ka'bah the entire Arabian peninsula enjoyed four months of peace and order every year.
These were the sacred months when people went on Pilgrimage.
Moreover, barely a half century before the revelation of these verses, people had seen how Abrahah, the Abyssinian invader, fell prey to God's scourge when he attacked Makka with the intention of destroying the Ka'bah.
At that time, this incident was known to everybody in Arabia.
Its memory was fresh and many eye-witnesses were still alive at the time of the Prophet ( peace be on him ).

*81).
Even during the pre-Islamic era - the Age of Ignorance in Arabia - this sanctuary enjoyed such veneration that even those who thirsted for each other's blood saw their enemies in the sacred territory but dare not attack them.

 

The Ka`bah is the First House of Worship Allah said, إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ ( Verily, the first House appointed for mankind ) for all people, for their acts of worship and religious rituals.
They go around the House in Tawaf, pray in its vicinity and remain in its area in I`tikaf. لَلَّذِى بِبَكَّةَ ( was that at Bakkah, ) meaning, the Ka`bah that was built by Ibrahim Al-Khalil, whose religion the Jews and Christians claim they follow.
However, they do not perform Hajj to the house that Ibrahim built by Allah's command, and to which he invited the people to perform Hajj.
Allah said next, i مُبَارَكاً ( full of blessing ), sanctified, وَهُدًى لِّلْعَـلَمِينَ ( and a guidance for Al-`Alamin. ) Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Dharr said; "I said, `O Allah's Messenger! Which Masjid was the first to be built on the surface of the earth' He said, `Al-Masjid Al-Haram ( in Makkah ).' I said, `Which was built next' He replied `Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa ( in Jerusalem ).' I said, `What was the period of time between building the two' He said, `Forty years.' He added, «ثُمَّ حَيْثُ أَدْرَكْتَ الصَّلَاةَ فَصَلِّ، فَكُلُّهَا مَسْجِد» ( Wherever (you may be, and ) the prayer becomes due, perform the prayer there, for the whole earth was made a Masjid.)" Al-Bukhari and Muslim also collected this Hadith. The Names of Makkah, Such As `Bakkah Allah said, لَلَّذِى بِبَكَّةَ ( was that at Bakkah ), where Bakkah is one of the names of Makkah.
Bakkah means, `it brings Buka' ( crying, weeping ) to the tyrants and arrogant, meaning they cry and become humble in its vicinity.
It was also said that Makkah was called Bakkah because people do Buka next to it, meaning they gather around it.
There are many names for Makkah, such as Bakkah, Al-Bayt Al-`Atiq ( the Ancient House ), Al-Bayt Al-Haram ( the Sacred House ), Al-Balad Al-Amin ( the City of Safety ) and Al-Ma'mun ( Security ).
Makkah's names include Umm Rahm ( Mother of Mercy ), Umm Al-Qura ( Mother of the Towns ), Salah, as well as others. The Station of Ibrahim Allah's statement, فِيهِ ءَايَـتٌ بَيِّـنَـتٌ ( In it are manifest signs ) 3:97, means, clear signs that Ibrahim built the Ka`bah and that Allah has honored and blessed it.
Allah then said, مَّقَامِ إِبْرَهِيمَ ( the Maqam (station ) of Ibrahim) When the building the Ka`bah was raised, Ibrahim stood on; the Maqam so that he could raise the walls higher, while his son Isma`il was handing the stones to him.
We should mention that the Maqam used to be situated right next to the House.
Later, and during his reign, `Umar bin Al-Khattab moved the Maqam farther to the east, so that those who go around the House in Tawaf are able to perform it easily, without disturbing those who pray next to the Maqam after finishing their Tawaf.
Allah commanded us to pray next to the Maqam; وَاتَّخِذُواْ مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَهِيمَ مُصَلًّى ( And take you (people ) the Maqam ( station ) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer) 2:125. We mentioned the Hadiths about this subject before, and all the thanks are due to Allah.
Al-`Awfi said that, Ibn `Abbas commented on Allah's statement, فِيهِ ءَايَـتٌ بَيِّـنَـتٌ مَّقَامُ إِبْرَهِيمَ ( In it are manifest signs, the Maqam of Ibrahim; ) "Such as the Maqam and Al-Mash`ar Al-Haram." Mujahid said, "The impression of Ibrahim's feet remains on the Maqam as a clear sign." It was reported that `Umar bin `Abdul-`Aziz, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, As-Suddi, Muqatil bin Hayyan and others said similarly. Al-Haram, the Sacred Area, is a Safe Area Allah said, وَمَن دَخَلَهُ كَانَ ءَامِناً ( whosoever enters it, he attains security, ) 3:97 meaning, the Haram of Makkah is a safe refuge for those in a state of fear.
There in its vicinity, they will be safe, just as was the case during the time of Jahiliyyah.
Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "( During the time of Jahiliyyah ) a man would commit murder, then wear a piece of wool around his neck and enter the Haram.
And even when the son of the murdered person would meet him, he would not make a move against him, until he left the sanctuary." Allah said, أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْاْ أَنَّا جَعَلْنَا حَرَماً ءامِناً وَيُتَخَطَّفُ النَّاسُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِمْ ( Have they not seen that We have made (Makkah ) a secure sanctuary, while men are being snatched away from all around them) 29:67, and, فَلْيَعْبُدُواْ رَبَّ هَـذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِى أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَءَامَنَهُم مِّنْ خوْفٍ ( So let them worship (Allah ) the Lord of this House ( the Ka`bah ).
( He ) Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear) 106:3-4. It is not allowed for anyone to hunt in the Haram or to drive game out of its den to be hunted, or cut the trees in its vicinity, or pick its grass, as the Hadiths of the Prophet and the statements of the Companions testify.
The Two Sahihs recorded ( this being the wording of Muslim ) that Ibn `Abbas said, "On the day of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «لَا هِجْرَةَ، وَلــكِنْ جِهَادٌ وَنِيَّـةٌ، وَإِذَا اسْتُنْفِرْتُمْ فَانْفِرُوا» ( There is no more Hijrah (migration to Makkah ), only Jihad and good intention.
If you were mobilized, then march forth.) He also said on the day of the conquest of Makkah, «إِنَّ هَذَا الْبَلَدَ حَرَّمَهُ اللهُ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَواتِ وَالْأَرْضَ، فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ بِحُرْمَةِ اللهِ إِلى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَحِلَّ الْقِتَالُ فِيهِ لأَحَدٍ قَبْلِي، وَلَمْ يَحِلَّ لِي إِلَّا فِي سَاعَةٍ مِنْ نَهَارٍ، فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ بِحُرْمَةِ اللهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، لَا يُعْضَدُ شَوْكُهُ، وُلَا يُنَفَّرُ صَيْدُهُ، وَلَا يَلْتَقِطُ لُقَطَتَهَا إِلَّا مَنْ عَرَّفَهَا، وَلَا يُخْتَلَى خَلَاهَا» ( Beware! Allah made this town (Makkah ) a sanctuary when He created the heavens and earth, and it is sacred by Allah's decree until the Day of Resurrection.
Fighting in Makkah was not permitted for anyone before me, and it was made legal for me for only a few hours or so on that day.
No doubt it is at this moment a sanctuary by Allah's decree until the Day of Resurrection.
It is not allowed to uproot its thorny shrubs, hunt its game, pick up its lost objects, except by announcing it, or to uproot its trees.) Al-`Abbas said, `Except the lemon grass, O Allah's Messenger, as they use it in their houses and graves.' The Prophet said: «إِلَّا الْإِذْخِر» ( Except lemongrass )." The Two Sahihs also recorded that Abu Shurayh Al-`Adawi said that he said to `Amr bin Sa`id while he was sending the troops to Makkah ( to fight `Abdullah bin Az-Zubayr ), "O Commander! Allow me to tell you what Allah's Messenger ﷺ said on the day following the conquest of Makkah.
My ears heard it and my heart memorized it thoroughly, and I saw the Prophet with my own eyes when he, after glorifying and praising Allah, said, «إِنَّ مَكَّةَ حَرَّمَهَا اللهُ، وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهَا النَّاسُ، فَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِى يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْفِكَ بِهَا دَمًا، وَلَا يَعْضِدَ بِهَا شَجَرَةً، فَإِنْ أَحَدٌ تَرَخَّصَ بِقِتَالِ رَسُولِ اللهِصلى الله عليه وسلّم فِيهَا فَقُولُوا لَهُ: إِنَّ اللهَ أَذِنَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ لَكُمْ، وَإِنَّمَا أَذِنَ لِي فِيهَا سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ، وَقَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ فَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِب» ( Allah, not the people, made Makkah a sanctuary.
Therefore, anybody who has belief in Allah and the Last Day, should neither shed blood in it nor cut down its trees.
If anybody argues that fighting in it is permissible on the basis that Allah's Messenger ﷺ fought in Makkah, say to him, `Allah allowed His Messenger and did not allow you.' Allah allowed me only for a few hours on that day (of the conquest ), and today its sanctity is as valid as it was before.
So, those who are present, should inform those who are absent of this fact.)." Abu Shurayh was asked, "What did `Amr reply" He said that `Amr said, "O Abu Shurayh! I know better than you in this respect; Makkah does not give protection to a sinner, a murderer or a thief." Jabir bin `Abdullah said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, «لَا يَحِلُّ لِأَحَدِكُمْ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ بِمَكَّةَ السِّلَاح» ( None of you is allowed to carry a weapon in Makkah. ) Muslim recorded this Hadith. `Abdullah bin `Adi bin Al-Hamra' Az-Zuhri said that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say while standing at Al-Hazwarah in the marketplace of Makkah, «وَاللهِ إِنَّكِ لَخَيْرُ أَرْضِ اللهِ، وَأَحَبُّ أَرْضِ اللهِ إِلَى اللهِ، وَلَوْلَا أَنِّي أُخْرِجْتُ مِنْكِ مَا خَرَجْت» ( By Allah! You are the best of Allah's land and the most beloved land to Allah.
Had it not been for the fact that I was driven out of you, I would not have left you. ) Imam Ahmad collected this Hadith and this is his wording.
At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah also collected it.
At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih." The Necessity of Performing Hajj Allah said, وَللَّهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ حِجُّ الْبَيْتِ مَنِ اسْتَطَـعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً ( And Hajj to the House is a duty that mankind owes to Allah, for those who are able to undertake the journey ) 3:97. This Ayah established the obligation of performing Hajj.
There are many Hadiths that mention it as one of the pillars and fundamentals of Islam, and this is agreed upon by the Muslims.
According to texts and the consensus of the scholars, it is only obligatory for the adult Muslim to perform it once during his lifetime.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ once gave a speech in which he said, «أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ فُرِضَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْحَجُّ فَحُجُّوا» ( O people! Hajj has been enjoined on you, therefore, perform Hajj. ) A man asked, "Is it every year, O Allah's Messenger" The Prophet remained silent until the man repeated the question three times and he then said, «لَوْ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ لَوَجَبَتْ وَلَمَا اسْتَطَعْتُم» ( Had I said yes, it would have become an obligation and you would not have been able to fulfill it. ) He said next, «ذَرُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِكَثْرَةِ سُؤَالِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ، وَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ، وَإِذَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَدَعُوه» ( Leave me as I leave you, those before you were destroyed because of their many questions and disputing with their Prophets.
If I command you with something, perform it as much as you can.
If I forbid something for you, then refrain from it. ) Muslim recorded similarly. Meaning of `Afford' in the Ayah There are several categories of "the ability to under take the journey".
There is the physical ability of the person himself and the ability that is related to other things as mentioned in the books of jurisprudence.
Abu `Isa At-Tirmidhi recorded that Ibn `Umar said, "A man stood up and asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ `O Messenger of Allah! Who is the pilgrim' He said, `He who has untidy hair and clothes.' Another man asked, `Which Hajj is better, O Messenger of Allah' He said, `The noisy ( with supplication to Allah ) and bloody ( with sacrifice ).' Another man asked, `What is the ability to undertake the journey, O Messenger of Allah' He said, `Having provision and a means of transportation."' This is the narration that Ibn Majah collected.
Al-Hakim narrated that Anas said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about Allah's statement, مَنِ اسْتَطَـعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً ( for those who are able to undertake the journey; ) 3:97 "What does `able to undertake the journey' mean" The Prophet answered, "Having sufficient provision and a means of transportation." Al-Hakim stated that this Hadith's chain of narration is authentic, following the guidelines of Muslim in his Sahih, but the Two Sahihs did not collect it.
Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «مَنْ أَرَادَ الْحَجَّ فَلْيَتَعَجَّل» ( Whoever intends to perform Hajj, let him rush to perform it. ) Abu Dawud also collected this Hadith. The One who Denies the Necessity of Hajj Becomes a Disbeliever Allah said, وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ الله غَنِىٌّ عَنِ الْعَـلَمِينَ ( ...and whoever disbelieves, then Allah stands not in need of any of the `Alamin ) 3:97. Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and several others commented on this Ayah, "Whoever denies the necessity of Hajj becomes disbeliever, and Allah is far Richer than to need him." Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Al-Isma`ili recorded that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, "Whoever can afford Hajj but did not perform it, there is no difference in his case if he dies while Jew or Christian." This has an authentic chain of narration leading to `Umar.

( Wherein are plain memorials ) clear signs; and it contains ( the place where Abraham stood up to pray ) as well as the semi-circular wall of white marble ( Hatim ) of Ishmael and the black stone; ( and whosoever entereth it is safe ) from violence. ( And to the House ) going to the House ( is a duty unto Allah for mankind ) for the believers, ( for him who can find a way thither ) for the person who can walk and reach the House while at the same time being in possession of provisions, a mount and has left enough expenditure for his dependents until he returns. ( As for him who disbelieveth ) in Allah, Muhammad, the Qur’an and the obligation of pilgrimage, ( Lo! Allah is Independent of (all ) creatures) He is not in need of their belief or pilgrimage.

In it are manifest signs (for example), the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham); whosoever enters it, he attains security. And Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) to the House (Ka'bah) is a duty that mankind owes to Allah, those who can afford the expenses (for one's conveyance, provision and residence); and whoever disbelieves [i.e. denies Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah), then he is a disbeliever of Allah], then Allah stands not in need of any of the 'Alamin (mankind and jinns).

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