Surah Saff ayat 1 Tafsir Quran 61:1

﴿سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ﴾
[ الصف: 1]

61:1 Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth exalts Allah, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.

All that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth glorifies God that is to say everything proclaims His transcendence the lām of li’Llāhi is extra and mā has been used instead of min in order to indicate the predominance of non-rational creatures and He is the Mighty in His kingdom the Wise in His actions.

Praise be to Allah and extolled are His glorious attributes is an act of, worship ascribed by all beings that are in the heavens and all beings spiritual, animate and inanimate that are on earth and He is AL-Aziz (the Almighty), and AL-Hakim (the Wise)

Which was revealed in Madina The Virtues of Surat As-Saff Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Salam said, "We asked, `Who among us should go to the Messenger ﷺ and ask him about the dearest actions to Allah' None among us volunteered.
The Messenger ﷺ sent a man to us and that man gathered us and recited this Surah, Surat As-Saff, in its entirety."' بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Chastising Those Who say what They do not do We mentioned in many a places before the meaning of Allah's statement, سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( Whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is on the earth glorifies Allah.
And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) Therefore, we do not need to repeat its meaning here.
Allah's statement, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do ) This refutes those who neglect to fulfill their promises.
This honorable Ayah supports the view that several scholars of the Salaf held, that it is necessary to fulfill the promise, regardless of whether the promise includes some type of wealth for the person receiving the promise or otherwise.
They also argue from the Sunnah, with the Hadith recorded in the Two Sahihs in which Allah's Messenger ﷺ said,
«آيَةُ الْمُنَافِقِ ثَلَاثٌ: إِذَا وَعَدَ أَخْلَفَ، وَإِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ، وَإِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَان»
( There are three signs for a hypocrite: when he promises, he breaks his promise; when speaks, he lies; and when he is entrusted, he betrays. ) And in another Hadith in the Sahih,
«أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ كَانَ مُنَافِقًا خَالِصًا،وَمَنْ كَانَتْ فِيهِ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ كَانَتْ فِيهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِنْ نِفَاقٍ حَتْى يَدَعَهَا»
( There are four characteristics which if one has all of them, he is the pure hypocrite, and if anyone has any of them, he has a characteristic of hypocrisy, until he abandons it. ) So he mentioned breaking the promise among these four characteristics.
We mentioned the meaning of these two Hadiths in the beginning of the explanation of Sahih Al-Bukhari, and to Allah is the praise and the thanks.
Therefore Allah implied this meaning, when He continued His admonishment by saying, كَبُرَ مَقْتاً عِندَ اللَّهِ أَن تَقُولُواْ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( Most hateful it is with Allah that you say that which you do not do. ) Imam Ahmad and Abu Dawud recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amir bin Rabi`ah said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ came to us while I was a young boy, and I went out to play.
My mother said, `O `Abdullah! Come, I want to give you something.' Allah's Messenger ﷺ said to her,
«وَمَا أَرَدْتِ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ؟»
( What did you want to give him ) She said, `Dates.' He said,
«أَمَا إِنَّكِ لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلِي كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْكِ كَذْبَة»
( If you had not given them to him, it would have been written as a lie in your record. )" Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "The faithful believers said, `If we only knew the dearest good actions to Allah, we would perform them.' Thus, Allah told them about the dearest actions to Him,saying, إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِهِ صَفّاً ( Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in rows ) Allah stated what He likes, and they were tested on the day of Uhud.
However, they retreated and fled, leaving the Prophet behind.
It was about their case that Allah revealed this Ayah: يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do ) Allah says here, `The dearest of you to Me, is he who fights in My cause."' Some said that it was revealed about the gravity of fighting in battle, when one says that he fought and endured the battle, even though he did not do so.
Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak said that this Ayah was sent down to admonish some people who used to say that they killed, fought, stabbed, and did such and such during battle, even though they did not do any of it.
Sa`id bin Jubayr said about Allah's statement, إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِهِ صَفّاً ( Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in rows (ranks )) "Before Allah's Messenger ﷺ began the battle against the enemy, he liked to line up his forces in rows; in this Surah, Allah teaches the believers to do the same." He also said that Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَـنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ ( as if they were a solid structure. ) means, its parts are firmly connected to each other; in rows for battle.
Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "Firmly connected to each other." Ibn `Abbas commented on the meaning of the Ayah, كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَـنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ ( as if they were a solid structure. ) by saying, "They are like a firm structure that does not move, because its parts are cemented to each other."

(61:1) Whatever is in the heavens and the earth has glorified Allah, and He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise. *1

Whatever is in the heavens and whatever meaning

*1) This is a brief introduction to this discourse.
For its explanation, see E.N.'s 1,2 of Surah AI-Hadid.
The discourse has been opened with this introduction so that before hearing or reading what is going to follow, one may well understand that Allah is free from and far above this that the fimctioning of His Godhead should depend on someone s faith and another one's help and sacrifices.
If He exhorts the believers to adopt sincerity in Faith and urges them to exert their utmost for the success and victory of the Truth, that is for the sake of their own good; otherwise the will of AIIah is accomplished by His own power and by His own design, whether somebody makes no effort at all towards its implementation, and whether the whole world joins together to frustrate and resist it stubbornly.

 

Which was revealed in Madina The Virtues of Surat As-Saff Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Salam said, "We asked, `Who among us should go to the Messenger ﷺ and ask him about the dearest actions to Allah' None among us volunteered.
The Messenger ﷺ sent a man to us and that man gathered us and recited this Surah, Surat As-Saff, in its entirety."' بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Chastising Those Who say what They do not do We mentioned in many a places before the meaning of Allah's statement, سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( Whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is on the earth glorifies Allah.
And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) Therefore, we do not need to repeat its meaning here.
Allah's statement, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do ) This refutes those who neglect to fulfill their promises.
This honorable Ayah supports the view that several scholars of the Salaf held, that it is necessary to fulfill the promise, regardless of whether the promise includes some type of wealth for the person receiving the promise or otherwise.
They also argue from the Sunnah, with the Hadith recorded in the Two Sahihs in which Allah's Messenger ﷺ said, «آيَةُ الْمُنَافِقِ ثَلَاثٌ: إِذَا وَعَدَ أَخْلَفَ، وَإِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ، وَإِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَان» ( There are three signs for a hypocrite: when he promises, he breaks his promise; when speaks, he lies; and when he is entrusted, he betrays. ) And in another Hadith in the Sahih, «أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ كَانَ مُنَافِقًا خَالِصًا،وَمَنْ كَانَتْ فِيهِ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ كَانَتْ فِيهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِنْ نِفَاقٍ حَتْى يَدَعَهَا» ( There are four characteristics which if one has all of them, he is the pure hypocrite, and if anyone has any of them, he has a characteristic of hypocrisy, until he abandons it. ) So he mentioned breaking the promise among these four characteristics.
We mentioned the meaning of these two Hadiths in the beginning of the explanation of Sahih Al-Bukhari, and to Allah is the praise and the thanks.
Therefore Allah implied this meaning, when He continued His admonishment by saying, كَبُرَ مَقْتاً عِندَ اللَّهِ أَن تَقُولُواْ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( Most hateful it is with Allah that you say that which you do not do. ) Imam Ahmad and Abu Dawud recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amir bin Rabi`ah said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ came to us while I was a young boy, and I went out to play.
My mother said, `O `Abdullah! Come, I want to give you something.' Allah's Messenger ﷺ said to her, «وَمَا أَرَدْتِ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ؟» ( What did you want to give him ) She said, `Dates.' He said, «أَمَا إِنَّكِ لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلِي كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْكِ كَذْبَة» ( If you had not given them to him, it would have been written as a lie in your record. )" Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "The faithful believers said, `If we only knew the dearest good actions to Allah, we would perform them.' Thus, Allah told them about the dearest actions to Him,saying, إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِهِ صَفّاً ( Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in rows ) Allah stated what He likes, and they were tested on the day of Uhud.
However, they retreated and fled, leaving the Prophet behind.
It was about their case that Allah revealed this Ayah: يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do ) Allah says here, `The dearest of you to Me, is he who fights in My cause."' Some said that it was revealed about the gravity of fighting in battle, when one says that he fought and endured the battle, even though he did not do so.
Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak said that this Ayah was sent down to admonish some people who used to say that they killed, fought, stabbed, and did such and such during battle, even though they did not do any of it.
Sa`id bin Jubayr said about Allah's statement, إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِهِ صَفّاً ( Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in rows (ranks )) "Before Allah's Messenger ﷺ began the battle against the enemy, he liked to line up his forces in rows; in this Surah, Allah teaches the believers to do the same." He also said that Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَـنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ ( as if they were a solid structure. ) means, its parts are firmly connected to each other; in rows for battle.
Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "Firmly connected to each other." Ibn `Abbas commented on the meaning of the Ayah, كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَـنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ ( as if they were a solid structure. ) by saying, "They are like a firm structure that does not move, because its parts are cemented to each other."

And from his narration on the authority of Ibn ’Abbas that he said regarding the interpretation of Allah’s saying ( All that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth glorifieth Allah ): ’( All that is in the heavens ) of created beings ( and all that is in the earth ) of creatures and living beings ( glorifieth Allah ) prays to Allah; and it is also said this means: remembers Allah, ( and He is the Mighty ) in retribution against those who disbelieve in Him, ( the Wise ) in His command and decree, and He has decreed that none should be worshipped beside Him.

Whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is on the earth glorifies Allah. And He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.

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