Surah Jathiyah ayat 13 Tafsir Quran 45:13

﴿وَسَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مِّنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ﴾
[ الجاثية: 13]

45:13 And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth - all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.

And He has disposed for you whatever is in the heavens of sun moon stars water and otherwise and whatever is in the earth of animals trees vegetation rivers and otherwise that is to say He created all that for your benefit all jamī‘an is for emphasis being from Him minhu is a circumstantial qualifier that is to say He has disposed them as something from Him exalted be He. Surely in that there are signs for a people who reflect on them and therefore believe.

And He reduced for you all that the heavens and the earth contain to a state of subservience: heavenly bodies, earth, water, air, fire, deserts. All, like yourselves and your belongings, are not really your own, but His. Here, there and everywhere are signs with prodigies emblematic of Omnipotence and Authority sensed by those who consider matters and ponder their cause

The Subjugation of the Sea, etc., is among Allah's Signs Allah the Exalted mentions some of the favors He gave to His servants, such as subjecting the sea for their service, لِتَجْرِىَ الْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِ ( that ships may sail through the sea by His command, ) i.e., of Allah the Exalted, Who ordered the sea to carry ships, وَلِتَبْتَغُواْ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( and that you may seek of His bounty, ) in commercial and business transactions, وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ ( and that you may be thankful. ) for earning various provisions brought to you from far away provinces and distant areas through the sea.
Allah the Exalted said, وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَّا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ ( And has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth; ) the stars, the mountains, the seas, the rivers and all that you use for your benefit; these are all from His favor, kindness and bounty.
Allah's statement next, جَمِيعاً مِّنْهُ ( it is all from Him. ) Alone without partners in giving any of it.
Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, وَمَا بِكُم مِّن نِّعْمَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ إِذَا مَسَّكُمُ الضُّرُّ فَإِلَيْهِ تَجْـَرُونَ ( And whatever of blessings you have, it is from Allah.
Then, when harm touches you unto Him you cry aloud for help. ) ( 16:53 ) Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said about Allah's statement, وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَّا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ جَمِيعاً مِّنْهُ ( And has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth; it is all from Him. ) "Everything is from Allah, and that is a Name from His Names.
So it all comes from Him without rivals to dispute His authority; surely, this fact is completely certain." Allah said. إِنَّ فِى ذلِكَ لآيَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ( Verily, in it are signs for a people who think deeply. ) The Command to be Patient with the Harm of Idolators Allah's saying; قُل لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ يَغْفِرُواْ لِلَّذِينَ لاَ يَرْجُونَ أَيَّامَ اللَّهِ ( Say to the believers to forgive those who hope not for the Days of Allah, ) means, let the believers forgive the disbelievers and endure the harm that they direct against them.
In the beginning of Islam, Muslims were ordered to observe patience in the face of the oppression of the idolators and the People of the Scriptures so that their hearts may incline towards Islam.
However, when the disbelievers persisted in stubbornness, Allah legislated for the believers to fight in Jihad.
Statements of this meaning were collected from `Abdullah bin `Abbas and Qatadah.
Mujahid said about Allah's statement, لاَ يَرْجُونَ أَيَّامَ اللَّهِ ( those who hope not for the Days of Allah, ) "They do not appreciate Allah's favors." Allah said, لِيَجْزِىَ قَوْماً بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكْسِبُونَ ( that He may recompense people, according to what they have earned. ) meaning, if the believers forgive the disbelievers in this life, Allah will still punish the disbelievers for their evil in the Hereafter.
Allah's statement next, مَنْ عَمِلَ صَـلِحاً فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ تُرْجَعُونَ ( Whosoever does a good deed, it is for himself, and whosoever does evil, it is against (himself ).
Then to your Lord you will be made to return.) meaning, you will all return to Allah on the Day of Resurrection, when you and your actions will be displayed before Him.
Then, He will recompense you for your deeds, good for good and evil for evil. وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا بَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقْنَـهُمْ مِّنَ الطَّيِّبَـتِ وَفَضَّلْنَـهُمْ عَلَى الْعَـلَمينَ - وَءاتَيْنَـهُم بَيِّنَـتٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ فَمَا اخْتَلَفُواْ إِلاَّ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ بَغْياً بَيْنَهُمْ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِى بِيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُواْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ - ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَـكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلاَ تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَآءَ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ

(45:13) He has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and the earth, *15 all being from Him. *16 Verily there are Signs in this for those who reflect. *17

And He has subjected to you whatever meaning

*15) For explanation, see Ibrahim: 32 and E.N.
44 on it, and E.N.
35 of Luqman.

*16) This sentence has two meanings: ( 1 ) `This gift and favor of AIlah is not like the gift of the worldly kings, who favor their favorites with the wealth that they have collected from the people themselves, but, on the contrary, aII the good things, in the universe have been created by Allah Himself, and He has granted these to man from Himself ; " and ( 2 ) `neither is anyone a partner of Allah in the creation of these good things, nor has anyone anything to do in making them subservient to man.
Allah alone is their Creator and He alone has granted these to man from Himself.
"
*17) That is, `In their subjection and in making them beneficial for tnan there are many signs for those who think and reflect.
These signs clearly point to the truth that the Creator and Master and Administrator of everything and of every power in the universe, from the earth to the heavens, is One God alone Who has subjected them to a law; and that God alone is Lord of man Who has made aII these things and powers favourable and helpful for man's life his sustenance, his convenience, his development and his civilization and social life by His power and wisdom and mercy, and that God alone is worthy of man's service and gratitude and devotion and not some other beings, who have neither any share in creating the things and powers nor anything to do with subjecting them to man and making them beneficial for him.
"
 

The Subjugation of the Sea, etc., is among Allah's Signs Allah the Exalted mentions some of the favors He gave to His servants, such as subjecting the sea for their service, لِتَجْرِىَ الْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِ ( that ships may sail through the sea by His command, ) i.e., of Allah the Exalted, Who ordered the sea to carry ships, وَلِتَبْتَغُواْ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( and that you may seek of His bounty, ) in commercial and business transactions, وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ ( and that you may be thankful. ) for earning various provisions brought to you from far away provinces and distant areas through the sea.
Allah the Exalted said, وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَّا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ ( And has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth; ) the stars, the mountains, the seas, the rivers and all that you use for your benefit; these are all from His favor, kindness and bounty.
Allah's statement next, جَمِيعاً مِّنْهُ ( it is all from Him. ) Alone without partners in giving any of it.
Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, وَمَا بِكُم مِّن نِّعْمَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ إِذَا مَسَّكُمُ الضُّرُّ فَإِلَيْهِ تَجْـَرُونَ ( And whatever of blessings you have, it is from Allah.
Then, when harm touches you unto Him you cry aloud for help. ) ( 16:53 ) Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said about Allah's statement, وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَّا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ جَمِيعاً مِّنْهُ ( And has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth; it is all from Him. ) "Everything is from Allah, and that is a Name from His Names.
So it all comes from Him without rivals to dispute His authority; surely, this fact is completely certain." Allah said. إِنَّ فِى ذلِكَ لآيَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ( Verily, in it are signs for a people who think deeply. ) The Command to be Patient with the Harm of Idolators Allah's saying; قُل لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ يَغْفِرُواْ لِلَّذِينَ لاَ يَرْجُونَ أَيَّامَ اللَّهِ ( Say to the believers to forgive those who hope not for the Days of Allah, ) means, let the believers forgive the disbelievers and endure the harm that they direct against them.
In the beginning of Islam, Muslims were ordered to observe patience in the face of the oppression of the idolators and the People of the Scriptures so that their hearts may incline towards Islam.
However, when the disbelievers persisted in stubbornness, Allah legislated for the believers to fight in Jihad.
Statements of this meaning were collected from `Abdullah bin `Abbas and Qatadah.
Mujahid said about Allah's statement, لاَ يَرْجُونَ أَيَّامَ اللَّهِ ( those who hope not for the Days of Allah, ) "They do not appreciate Allah's favors." Allah said, لِيَجْزِىَ قَوْماً بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكْسِبُونَ ( that He may recompense people, according to what they have earned. ) meaning, if the believers forgive the disbelievers in this life, Allah will still punish the disbelievers for their evil in the Hereafter.
Allah's statement next, مَنْ عَمِلَ صَـلِحاً فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ تُرْجَعُونَ ( Whosoever does a good deed, it is for himself, and whosoever does evil, it is against (himself ).
Then to your Lord you will be made to return.) meaning, you will all return to Allah on the Day of Resurrection, when you and your actions will be displayed before Him.
Then, He will recompense you for your deeds, good for good and evil for evil. وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا بَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقْنَـهُمْ مِّنَ الطَّيِّبَـتِ وَفَضَّلْنَـهُمْ عَلَى الْعَـلَمينَ - وَءاتَيْنَـهُم بَيِّنَـتٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ فَمَا اخْتَلَفُواْ إِلاَّ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ بَغْياً بَيْنَهُمْ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِى بِيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُواْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ - ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَـكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلاَ تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَآءَ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ

( And hath made of service unto you whatsoever is in the heavens ) the sun, the moon, the stars and the clouds ( and whatsoever is in the earth ) the trees, the beasts, the mountains and the seas; ( it is all from Him ) all these are from Allah. ( Lo! Herein ) in that which I have mentioned ( verily are portents ) are signs and lessons ( for people who reflect ) upon what Allah has created.

And has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth; it is all as a favour and kindness from Him. Verily, in it are signs for a people who think deeply.

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