Surah Baqarah ayat 227 Tafsir Quran 2:227

﴿وَإِنْ عَزَمُوا الطَّلَاقَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ﴾
[ البقرة: 227]

2:227 And if they decide on divorce - then indeed, Allah is Hearing and Knowing.

But if they resolve upon divorce by not repealing it then let them go through with it; surely God is Hearing of what they say; Knowing of their resolve meaning that after the waiting period mentioned they can only revert or divorce.

However, if they should decide to divorce, Allah is Sami‘un (Omnipresent with unlimited audition) and Alimun

The Ila' and its Rulings Ila' is a type of vow where a man swears not to sleep with his wife for a certain period, whether less or more than four months.
If the vow of Ila' was for less than four months, the man has to wait for the vow's period to end and then is allowed to have sexual intercourse with his wife.
She has to be patient and she cannot ask her husband, in this case, to end his vow before the end of its term.
It is reported in the Two Sahihs that `A'ishah said that Allah's Messenger ﷺ swore he would stay away from with his wives for a month.
He then came down after twenty-nine days saying:
«الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُون»
( The (lunar ) month is twenty-nine days.) Similar was narrated by `Umar bin Al-Khattab and reported in the Two Sahihs.
If the period of Ila' is for more than four months, the wife is allowed in this case to ask her husband, upon the end of the four months, to end the Ila' and have sexual relations with her.
Otherwise, he should divorce her, by being forced to do so by the authorities if necessary, so that the wife is not harmed.
Allah said: لِّلَّذِينَ يُؤْلُونَ مِن نِّسَآئِهِمْ ( Those who take an oath not to have sexual relations with their wives ) meaning, swear not to have sexual relations with the wife.
This Ayah indicates that the Ila' involves the wife and not a slave-women, as the majority of the scholars have agreed, تَرَبُّصُ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ ( ...must wait for four months, ) meaning, the husband waits for four months from the time of the vow and then ends the Ila' ( if the vow was for four or more months ) and is required to either return to his wife or divorce her.
This is why Allah said next: فَإِن فَآءُوا ( ...then if they return, ) meaning, to a normal relationship, having sexual intercourse with the wife.
This is the Tafsir of Ibn `Abbas, Masruq, Ash-Sha`bi, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Ibn Jarir. فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( ...verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. ) with any shortcomings that occurred in the rights of the wife because of the vow of Ila'. Allah said: وَإِنْ عَزَمُواْ الطَّلَـقَ ( And if they decide upon divorce, ) indicating that divorce does not occur by merely passing the four month mark ( during the Ila' ).
Malik reported from Nafi` that `Abdullah bin `Umar said, "If the man swears to Ila' from his wife, then divorce does not occur automatically even after the four months have passed.
When he stops at the four months mark, he should either divorce or return." Al-Bukhari also reported this Hadith.
Ibn Jarir reported that Suhayl bin Abu Salih said that his father said, "I asked twelve Companions about the man who does Ila' with his wife.
They all stated that he does not have to do anything until the four months have passed and then has to either retain or divorce her." Ad-Daraqutni also reported this from Suhayl. It is also reported from `Umar, `Uthman, `Ali, Abu Ad-Darda', `A'ishah, Ibn `Umar and Ibn `Abbas.
This is also the opinion of Sa`id bin Musayyib, `Umar bin `Abdul-`Aziz, Mujahid, Tawus, Muhammad bin Ka`b and Al-Qasim.

(2:227) And if they resolve on divorce, *247 (let them remember that Allah hears everything and knows everything.

And if they decide on divorce - meaning

*247).
According to 'Uthman, Ibn Mas'ud, Zayd ibn Thabit and others the limit for the restoration of matrimonial relations is four months.
The mere termination of that period proves that the husband has decided to repudiate the marriage and so divorce automatically ensues.
It will be reckoned as an irrevocable ( ba'in ) repudiation.
This means that separation between the spouses will come into force and the husband will not have the right to revoke it during the period of waiting ( 'iddah ).
The two parties will, however, have the right to recontract marriage by mutual consent.
Statements from 'Umar, 'Ali, Ibn 'Abbas, and also a statement from Ibn 'Umar, have been reported in support of this doctrine and have been accepted by the Hanafi jurists as the basis of their doctrine.

Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, Makhul, Zuhri,.
and some other early jurists agree with this doctrine to the extent that divorce comes into force after four months.
But they consider that the husband may revoke it during the period of waiting; and even after the lapse of that period the spouses may recontract marriage by mutual consent.

However, 'A'ishah, Abu al-Darda' and the majority of the jurists of Madina are opposed to this opinion and hold that after four months the matter should be placed before the court when the judge will order the husband either to resume matrimonial relations with his wife or divorce her.
Statements from 'Umar and 'Ali as well as a statement from Ibn 'Umar have come down in support of this doctrine.
This opinion has been accepted by Malik and Shafi'i.
( See Jassas, vol.
1, pp.
359 f.
- Ed. )
*248).
That is, if a man has abandoned his wife on unreasonable grounds, he should not feel secure from the wrath of God for He is not unaware of the excesses that he may have committed.

 

The Ila' and its Rulings Ila' is a type of vow where a man swears not to sleep with his wife for a certain period, whether less or more than four months.
If the vow of Ila' was for less than four months, the man has to wait for the vow's period to end and then is allowed to have sexual intercourse with his wife.
She has to be patient and she cannot ask her husband, in this case, to end his vow before the end of its term.
It is reported in the Two Sahihs that `A'ishah said that Allah's Messenger ﷺ swore he would stay away from with his wives for a month.
He then came down after twenty-nine days saying: «الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُون» ( The (lunar ) month is twenty-nine days.) Similar was narrated by `Umar bin Al-Khattab and reported in the Two Sahihs.
If the period of Ila' is for more than four months, the wife is allowed in this case to ask her husband, upon the end of the four months, to end the Ila' and have sexual relations with her.
Otherwise, he should divorce her, by being forced to do so by the authorities if necessary, so that the wife is not harmed.
Allah said: لِّلَّذِينَ يُؤْلُونَ مِن نِّسَآئِهِمْ ( Those who take an oath not to have sexual relations with their wives ) meaning, swear not to have sexual relations with the wife.
This Ayah indicates that the Ila' involves the wife and not a slave-women, as the majority of the scholars have agreed, تَرَبُّصُ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ ( ...must wait for four months, ) meaning, the husband waits for four months from the time of the vow and then ends the Ila' ( if the vow was for four or more months ) and is required to either return to his wife or divorce her.
This is why Allah said next: فَإِن فَآءُوا ( ...then if they return, ) meaning, to a normal relationship, having sexual intercourse with the wife.
This is the Tafsir of Ibn `Abbas, Masruq, Ash-Sha`bi, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Ibn Jarir. فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( ...verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. ) with any shortcomings that occurred in the rights of the wife because of the vow of Ila'. Allah said: وَإِنْ عَزَمُواْ الطَّلَـقَ ( And if they decide upon divorce, ) indicating that divorce does not occur by merely passing the four month mark ( during the Ila' ).
Malik reported from Nafi` that `Abdullah bin `Umar said, "If the man swears to Ila' from his wife, then divorce does not occur automatically even after the four months have passed.
When he stops at the four months mark, he should either divorce or return." Al-Bukhari also reported this Hadith.
Ibn Jarir reported that Suhayl bin Abu Salih said that his father said, "I asked twelve Companions about the man who does Ila' with his wife.
They all stated that he does not have to do anything until the four months have passed and then has to either retain or divorce her." Ad-Daraqutni also reported this from Suhayl. It is also reported from `Umar, `Uthman, `Ali, Abu Ad-Darda', `A'ishah, Ibn `Umar and Ibn `Abbas.
This is also the opinion of Sa`id bin Musayyib, `Umar bin `Abdul-`Aziz, Mujahid, Tawus, Muhammad bin Ka`b and Al-Qasim.

( And if they decide upon divorce ) have actually divorced and honoured their oaths ( (let them remember that ) Allah is Hearer) of one’s oath, ( Knower ) of the fact that one’s wife has been divorced through one single pronouncement of divorce after a period of fourth months and through honouring the oath that was made. This verse was revealed about a man who swore not to have sex with his wife for four months or longer. If this man had honoured his oath, his wife would have been considered divorced from him, one single act of divorce; if, on the other hand, he had sex with her before the elapse of this period, he should make amends for breaking his oath.

And if they decide upon divorce, then Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower.

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