And [mention, O Muhammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, (2:30)

Almuntakhab Fi Tafsir Alquran Alkarim

For once Allah made a proclamation, to the angels of a great event; He said to them: I am inducting a Vicegerent* on earth. The angels said: Will You assign the earth to someone who shall make mischief therein, create discord and shed blood, while we adore Your Eternal Name and to You we express our feelings of warm approbation and extoll Your glorious attributes! But I am, said Allah, AL-Alim, Who knows what you do not know

Tafseer Tafheem-ul-Quran by Syed Abu-al-A'la Maududi

(2:30) Just *36 recall the time when your Lord said to the angels *37 , "I am going to appoint a vicegerent *38 on the Earth." They humbly enquired, "Are you going to appoint such a one as will cause disorder and shed blood on the Earth? *39 We are already engaged in hymning Your praise, and hallowing Your name". *40

And [mention, O Muhammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, meaning

*36). Thus far man has been summoned to serve and obey God on the grounds that God is his creator and sustainer, that in His grasp lies man's life and death, that He alone is the Lord Who rules over the entire universe in which he lives. In view of this, the only attitude which can be deemed appropriate for man is one of service and subjection to God.

The same idea is presented in the following section, but supported on slightly different grounds

In this connection the Qur'an defines precisely the true nature of man and his correct position in the universe. It also enlightens us to a period of man's past which is otherwise inaccessible. What the Qur'an tells us here, with its practical consequences, is of far greater value than knowledge derived by unearthing bones and pottery, and piecing together scattered fragments of information with the help of conjecture.
*37). The word malak in Arabic means 'message'
*38). 'Khalifah' or vicegerent is one who exercises the authority delegated to him by his principal, and does so in the capacity of his deputy and agent. Hence, whatever authority he possesses is not inherently his own, but is derived from, and circumscribed by, the limits set by his principal. A vicegerent is not entitled to do what he pleases, but is obliged to carry out the will of his master. If the vicegerent were either to begin thinking himself the real owner and to use the authority delegated to him in whatever manner he pleased, or if he were to acknowledge someone other than the real owner as his lord and master and to follow his directions, these would be deemed acts of infidelity and rebellion.
*39). This was not said by way of objection or protest. It was said rather by way of inquiry and in order to satisfy their curiosity; it is inconceivable that the angels could object to any of God's decisions. The word 'vicegerent' suggested to them that the proposed species of creation would be placed on earth with some authority. It was incomprehensible to them how a species of being which had been invested with discretionary power and authority could conform with the overall order of the universe, which is based on absolute and involuntary subservience to the Will of God. They thought that investing anyone with authority in any part of the universe would lead to mischief and disorder. It is this aspect which the angels were curious about.
*40). This does not mean that the angels considered themselves suitable for 'vicegerency'. They merely wanted to point out that God's orders were already being carried out fully, that they
The word tasbih has two meanings: (i) to proclaim glory and (ii) to exert oneself earnestly and energetically. In the same way taqdis has two meanings: (i) to celebrate or proclaim holiness and (ii) to purify.
*41). This was an answer to the latter doubt expressed by the angels. The angels were told that the reason for the appointment of a vicegerent was best known to God alone and could not be understood by them. Despite the services rendered by the angels, something over and above their work was still required. God decided, therefore, to create a new species of being in the world and to invest it with some authority.
 

And [mention, O Muhammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, meaning in Urdu

پھر ذرا اس وقت کا تصور کرو جب تمہارے رب نے فرشتوں سے کہا تھا کہ "میں زمین میں ایک خلیفہ بنانے والا ہوں" انہوں نے عرض کیا: "کیا آپ زمین میں کسی ایسے کو مقر ر کرنے والے ہیں، جو اس کے انتظام کو بگاڑ دے گا اور خونریزیاں کرے گا آپ کی حمد و ثنا کے ساتھ تسبیح اور آپ کے لیے تقدیس تو ہم کر ہی رہے ہیں" فرمایا: "میں جانتا ہوں جو کچھ تم نہیں جانتے"